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Marijuana, or marihuana, is a name for the cannabis plant, and more specifically, a drug preparation from it.[1][2][3] "Marijuana" as a term varies in usage, definition and legal application around the world.[4] Some jurisdictions define "marijuana" as the whole cannabis plant or any part of it,[5] while others refer to "marijuana" as a portion of the cannabis plant that contains high levels of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).[6] Some jurisdictions recognize "marijuana" as a distinctive strain of cannabis, the other being hemp.[7] For legal, research and statistical reference, "marijuana" generally refers to only the dried leaves and flowering tops (herbal cannabis), with by-products such as hashish or hash oil being uniquely defined and regulated.[8][9][10][11] The form "marihuana" is first attested in Mexican Spanish; it then spread to other varieties of Spanish and to English, French, and other languages.[12][13]
- ^ Small, Ernest (2015), "Evolution and Classification of Cannabis sativa (Marijuana, Hemp) in Relation to Human Utilization", Botanical Review, 81 (3): 189, Bibcode:2015BotRv..81..189S, doi:10.1007/s12229-015-9157-3
- ^ Clayton J. Mosher; Scott M. Akins (2013). Drugs and Drug Policy: The Control of Consciousness Alteration. SAGE Publications. p. 149. ISBN 978-1-4833-2188-2.
- ^ Krishnan Vij (2008). Textbook Of Forensic Medicine And Toxicology: Principles And Practice. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India. p. 672. ISBN 978-81-312-1129-8.
- ^ Tom Decorte (2016). World Wide Weed: Global Trends in Cannabis Cultivation and its Control. Routledge. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-134-78521-6.
- ^ John Brick; Carlton K. Erickson (2013). Drugs, the Brain, and Behavior: The Pharmacology of Drug Use Disorders. Routledge. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-135-12219-5.
- ^ Wayne Hall; Rosalie Liccardo Pacula (2013). Cannabis Use and Dependence: Public Health and Public Policy. Cambridge University Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-521-80024-2.
- ^ R.N., Mary Lynn Mathre (1997). Cannabis in Medical Practice: A Legal, Historical and Pharmacological Overview of the Therapeutic Use of Marijuana. McFarland. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-7864-0361-5.
- ^ Dr Gary Potter; Mr Martin Bouchard; Mr Tom Decorte (2013). World Wide Weed: Global Trends in Cannabis Cultivation and its Control (revised ed.). Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 17. ISBN 978-1-4094-9438-6.
- ^ Mahmoud A. ElSohly (2007). Marijuana and the Cannabinoids. Springer Science. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-59259-947-9.
- ^ Allan Tasman; Jerald Kay; Jeffrey A. Lieberman; Michael B. First; Michelle Riba (2015). Psychiatry, 2 Volume Set. Wiley. p. 4935. ISBN 978-1-118-75336-1.
- ^ Reprinted from Journal of the American Medical Association 201 (August 7, 1967): 368-71 (2012). "DEPENDENCE ON CANNABIS (MARIHUANA)". Drugtext.org. Archived from the original on October 17, 2014. Retrieved January 30, 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Marijuana". Oxford English Dictionary. June 2013.
- ^ American Heritage Dictionaries (2007). Spanish Word Histories and Mysteries: English Words That Come From Spanish. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 142–143. ISBN 978-0-618-91054-0.