McDonnell Douglas MD-11

MD-11
The MD-11, a stretched version of the DC-10
Role Wide-body jet airliner
National origin United States
Manufacturer McDonnell Douglas (1988–97)
Boeing Commercial Airplanes (1997–2000)
First flight January 10, 1990
Introduction December 20, 1990 with Finnair
Status In cargo service[a]
Primary users FedEx Express
UPS Airlines
Western Global Airlines
Lufthansa Cargo (historical)[citation needed]
Produced 1988–2000[2]
Number built 200
Developed from McDonnell Douglas DC-10

The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is an American tri-jet wide-body airliner manufactured by American manufacturer McDonnell Douglas (MDC) and later by Boeing. Following DC-10 development studies, the MD-11 program was launched on December 30, 1986. Assembly of the first prototype began on March 9, 1988. Its maiden flight occurred on January 10, 1990, and it achieved Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certification on November 8. The first delivery was to Finnair on December 7 and it entered service on December 20, 1990.

It retains the basic trijet configuration of the DC-10 with updated GE CF6-80C2 or PW4000 turbofan engines. Its wingspan is slightly larger than the DC-10 and it has winglets. Its maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) is increased by 14% to 630,500 lb (286 t). Its fuselage is stretched by 11% to 202 ft (61.6 m) to accommodate 298 passengers in three classes over a range of up to 7,130 nautical miles [nmi] (13,200 km; 8,210 mi). It features a glass cockpit that eliminates the need for a flight engineer.

The MD-11 failed to meet its range and fuel burn targets, which resulted in the aircraft selling poorly, with only 200 examples built, of which roughly a quarter were freight aircraft. After retirement from passenger service (last flight being by KLM in November 2014), many of the MD-11 passenger fleet were converted into freighter specification, many of which are still in service today. The last of 200 aircraft was built in October 2000 after Boeing merged with McDonnell Douglas in 1997.

  1. ^ "KLM's MD-11 History Comes To An End" (Press release). KLM. 2014-10-26. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Swansong was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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