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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Methyl formate | |||
Systematic IUPAC name
Methyl methanoate | |||
Other names
R-611
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Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.166 | ||
EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C2H4O2 | |||
Molar mass | 60.052 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colorless liquid | ||
Odor | pleasant[1] | ||
Density | 0.98 g/cm3 | ||
Melting point | −100 °C (−148 °F; 173 K) | ||
Boiling point | 32 °C (90 °F; 305 K) | ||
30% (20°C)[1] | |||
Vapor pressure | 634 hPa (476 mmHg) (20°C)[1] | ||
-32.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling:[3] | |||
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Danger | |||
H224, H302, H319, H332, H335 | |||
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P330, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | −19 °C; −2 °F; 254 K[1] | ||
Explosive limits | 4.5%-23%[1] | ||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose)
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1622 mg/kg (oral, rabbit)[2] | ||
LCLo (lowest published)
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50,000 ppm (guinea pig, 20 min)[2] | ||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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TWA 100 ppm (250 mg/m3)[1] | ||
REL (Recommended)
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TWA 100 ppm (250 mg/m3) ST 150 ppm (375 mg/m3)[1] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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4500 ppm[1] | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | Oxford MSDS | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Methyl formate, also called methyl methanoate, is the methyl ester of formic acid. The simplest example of a carboxylate ester, it is a colorless liquid with an ethereal odour, high vapor pressure, and low surface tension. It is a precursor to many other compounds of commercial interest.[4]