Back Microcistina Catalan Microcystine German Microcistina Spanish Mikrokystiinit Finnish Microcystine French ミクロシスチン Japanese 마이크로시스틴 Korean Microcystine Dutch Mikrocystyna Polish Микроцистины Russian
Microcystins—or cyanoginosins—are a class of toxins produced by certain freshwater cyanobacteria, commonly known as blue-green algae.[3] Over 250[4] different microcystins have been discovered so far, of which microcystin-LR is the most common. Chemically they are cyclic heptapeptides produced through nonribosomal peptide synthases.[5]
Cyanobacteria can produce microcystins in large quantities during algal blooms which then pose a major threat to drinking and irrigation water supplies, and the environment at large.[6][7]
- ^ Michael Wines (March 14, 2013). "Spring Rain, Then Foul Algae in Ailing Lake Erie". The New York Times.
- ^ Joanna M. Foster (November 20, 2013). "Lake Erie is Dying Again, and Warmer Waters and Wetter Weather are to Blame". ClimateProgress. Archived from the original on August 3, 2014. Retrieved August 3, 2014.
- ^ "Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) & Water". Mass.gov. Retrieved 9 June 2022.
- ^ Bouaïcha, Noureddine; Miles, Christopher; Beach, Daniel; et al. (7 December 2019). "Structural Diversity, Characterization and Toxicology of Microcystins". Toxins. 11 (12): 714. doi:10.3390/toxins11120714. PMC 6950048. PMID 31817927.
- ^ Ramsy Agha; Samuel Cirés; Lars Wörmer; Antonio Quesada (2013). "Limited Stability of Microcystins in Oligopeptide Compositions of Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria): Implications in the Definition of Chemotypes". Toxins. 5 (6): 1089–1104. doi:10.3390/toxins5061089. PMC 3717771. PMID 23744054.
- ^ Paerl HW, Huisman J (February 2009). "Climate change: a catalyst for global expansion of harmful cyanobacterial blooms". Environmental Microbiology Reports. 1 (1): 27–37. Bibcode:2009EnvMR...1...27P. doi:10.1111/j.1758-2229.2008.00004.x. PMID 23765717.
- ^ "Increasing toxicity of algal blooms tied to nutrient enrichment and climate change". Oregon State University. October 24, 2013.