Back تدلي الصمام التاجي Arabic Prolapse mitral Catalan Mitralklappenprolaps German Prolapso mitral Spanish افتادگی دریچه میترال Persian Prolapsus mitral French צניחה של המסתם הצניפי HE Միտրալ փականի պրոլապս Armenian Sindrome da prolasso valvolare mitralico Italian Митралды қақпақша пролапсы Kazakh
| Mitral valve prolapse | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Floppy mitral valve syndrome, systolic click murmur syndrome, billowing mitral leaflet, Barlow's syndrome[1] |
 | |
| In mitral valve prolapse, the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse back into the left atrium. | |
| Specialty | Cardiology |
| Symptoms | Palpitations, atypical precordial pain, dyspnea on exertion, low BMI, electrocardiogram abnormalities (ventricular tachycardia), syncope, low blood pressure, headaches, lightheadedness, other signs suggestive of autonomic nervous system dysfunction (dysautonomia) |
| Complications | Mitral regurgitation |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Risk factors | Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, polycystic kidney disease, Graves disease, and chest wall deformities such as pectus excavatum |
| Diagnostic method | Echocardiogram, auscultation |
| Frequency | 1 in 40 people, 2-3%[2] of total population in the United States 3.36% in a Taiwanese military study[3] |
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a valvular heart disease characterized by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole.[4] It is the primary form of myxomatous degeneration of the valve. There are various types of MVP, broadly classified as classic and nonclassic. In severe cases of classic MVP, complications include mitral regurgitation, infective endocarditis, congestive heart failure, and, in rare circumstances, cardiac arrest.
The diagnosis of MVP primarily relies on echocardiography, which uses ultrasound to visualize the mitral valve.
MVP is the most common valvular abnormality, and is estimated to affect 2–3% of the population and 1 in 40 people might have it.[4][5][6]
The condition was first described by John Brereton Barlow in 1966.[1] It was subsequently termed mitral valve prolapse by J. Michael Criley.[7] Although mid-systolic click (the sound produced by the prolapsing mitral leaflet) and systolic murmur associated with MVP were observed as early as 1887 by physicians M. Cuffer and M. Barbillon using a stethoscope.[2][8][9]
- ^ a b Barlow JB, Bosman CK (February 1966). "Aneurysmal protrusion of the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve. An auscultatory-electrocardiographic syndrome". American Heart Journal. 71 (2): 166–178. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(66)90179-7. PMID 4159172.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Liu PY, Tsai KZ, Lin YP, Lin CS, Zeng HC, Takimoto E, Lin GM (February 2021). "Prevalence and characteristics of mitral valve prolapse in military young adults in Taiwan of the CHIEF Heart Study". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 2719. Bibcode:2021NatSR..11.2719L. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81648-z. PMC 7851121. PMID 33526804.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
hayekwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Toomer2019was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Mitral Valve Prolapse: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology". 2021-10-16.
- ^ Criley JM, Lewis KB, Humphries JO, Ross RS (July 1966). "Prolapse of the mitral valve: clinical and cine-angiocardiographic findings". British Heart Journal. 28 (4): 488–496. doi:10.1136/hrt.28.4.488. PMC 459076. PMID 5942469.
- ^ Grau JB, Pirelli L, Yu PJ, Galloway AC, Ostrer H (October 2007). "The genetics of mitral valve prolapse". Clinical Genetics. 72 (4): 288–295. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00865.x. PMID 17850623. S2CID 40874345.
- ^ Anyanwu AC, Adams DH (2007). "Etiologic classification of degenerative mitral valve disease: Barlow's disease and fibroelastic deficiency". Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 19 (2): 90–96. doi:10.1053/j.semtcvs.2007.04.002. PMID 17870001.