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Model (art)

For models employed to display, advertise and promote commercial products, see Model (person). For model art, see Miniature art.
"Life model" redirects here. For the album by the Blue Aeroplanes, see The Blue Aeroplanes.
Model (1914) drawing by Boris Kustodiev

An art model poses, often nude, for visual artists as part of the creative process, providing a reference for the human body in a work of art. As an occupation, modeling requires the often strenuous 'physical work' of holding poses for the required length of time, the 'aesthetic work' of performing a variety of interesting poses, and the 'emotional work' of maintaining a socially ambiguous role. While the role of nude models is well-established as a necessary part of artistic practice, public nudity remains transgressive, and models may be vulnerable to stigmatization or exploitation.[1]: 1  Artists may also have family and friends pose for them, in particular for works with costumed figures.

Much of the public perception of art models and their role in the production of artworks is based upon mythology, the conflation of art modeling with fashion modeling or erotic performances, and representations of art models in popular media.[2]: 15–18  One of the perennial tropes is that in addition to providing a subject for an artwork, models may be thought of as muses, or sources of inspiration without whom the art would not exist.[3]: 68–79, 102–115  Another popular narrative is the female model as a male artist's mistress, some of whom become wives.[4]: 3  None of these public perceptions include the professional model's own experience of modelling as work,[4]: 44–45  the performance of which has little to do with sexuality.[4]: Ch. 10 

Portrait d'Olga dans un fauteuil, (Pablo Picasso's wife Olga Khokhlova in an Armchair, 1917–1918)

Beginning with the Renaissance, drawing the human figure has been considered the most effective way to develop the skills of drawing. In the modern era it became established that it is best to draw from life, rather than from plaster casts or copying two dimensional images such as photographs.[5] In addition, an artist has an emotional[6]: 32  or empathic[7]: 4  connection to drawing another human being that cannot exist with any other subject. What is called the life class became an essential part of the curriculum at art colleges. In the classroom setting, where the purpose is to learn how to draw or paint the human form in all the different shapes, ages and ethnicity, anyone who can hold a pose may be a model.

  1. ^ Bharali, Kannaki (2019). Nude in a Classroom: The Contemporary World of Life Modelling (PhD). City University of New York. Retrieved December 5, 2021.
  2. ^ Mayhew, Margaret (2010). Modelling Subjectivities: Life Drawing, Popular Culture and Contemporary Art Education (PhD). Sydney, Australia: University of Sydney. Retrieved 2021-12-15.
  3. ^ Annette and Luc Vizin (2003). The 20th Century Muse. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN 0-8109-9154-3.
  4. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference Phillips was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Nicolaides, Kimon (1975). The Natural Way to Draw. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. ISBN 978-0-395-20548-8.
  6. ^ Jacobs, Ted Seth (1986). Drawing with an Open Mind. New York: Watson-Guptill Publications. ISBN 978-0-8230-1464-4.
  7. ^ Berry, William A. (1977). Drawing the Human Form: A Guide to Drawing from Life. New York: Van Nortrand Reinhold Co. ISBN 978-0-442-20717-5.
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