Mongol Armenia | |||||||||||||||
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1236–1335 | |||||||||||||||
Georgia (and Armenia) in the aftermath of the Mongol invasion (1220–1245) | |||||||||||||||
Status | Mongol (Ilkhanate) vassal state by the reign of Hulegu Khan | ||||||||||||||
Capital | Ani | ||||||||||||||
Common languages | Armenian (native language) Oghuz Turkic Mongolian | ||||||||||||||
Religion | Armenian Apostolic Sunni Islam Buddhism | ||||||||||||||
Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||||||
Historical era | Medieval Armenia | ||||||||||||||
• Established | 1236 | ||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1335 | ||||||||||||||
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History of Armenia |
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Timeline • Origins • Etymology |
Mongol Armenia or Ilkhanid Armenia refers to the period beginning in the early-to-mid 13th century during which both Zakarid Armenia and the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia became tributary and vassal to the Mongol Empire and the successor Ilkhanate. Armenia and Cilicia remained under Mongol influence until around 1335.
During the time period of the later Crusades (1250s to 1260s), there was a short-lived Armenian-Mongol alliance, engaged in some combined military operations against their common enemy, the Mamluks. They succeeded in the siege of Baghdad (1258), but suffered defeat eight years later.
The Armenian calls for a wider Christian-Mongol alliance against Mamluk Islam, advocated notably by Hayton of Corycus, were ignored by the Latin powers in the Levant, leading to the demise of the European Crusader States and the imminent failure of the Crusades as a whole. [citation really needed]