Morarji Desai | |
---|---|
![]() Desai in 1978 | |
Prime Minister of India | |
In office 24 March 1977 – 28 July 1979 | |
President | Neelam Sanjiva Reddy[Note 1] |
Vice President | B. D. Jatti |
Deputy |
|
Preceded by | Indira Gandhi |
Succeeded by | Charan Singh |
Minister of Home Affairs | |
In office 1 July 1978 – 24 January 1979 | |
Preceded by | Charan Singh |
Succeeded by | Hirubhai M. Patel |
2nd Deputy Prime Minister of India | |
In office 13 March 1967 – 16 July 1969 | |
Prime Minister | Indira Gandhi |
Preceded by | Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel |
Succeeded by | |
Minister of Finance | |
In office 13 March 1967 – 16 July 1969 | |
Prime Minister | Indira Gandhi |
Preceded by | Sachindra Chaudhuri |
Succeeded by | Indira Gandhi |
In office 13 March 1958 – 29 August 1963 | |
Prime Minister | Jawaharlal Nehru |
Preceded by | Jawaharlal Nehru |
Succeeded by | T. T. Krishnamachari |
2nd Chief Minister of Bombay State | |
In office 21 April 1952 – 31 October 1956 | |
Preceded by | B. G. Kher |
Succeeded by | Yashwantrao Chavan |
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha | |
In office 1957 –1980 | |
Constituency | Surat, Gujarat |
Personal details | |
Born | Morarji Ranchhodji Desai 29 February 1896 Bhadeli, Bombay Presidency, British India (present-day Valsad, Gujarat, India) |
Died | 10 April 1995 Bombay, Maharashtra, India (present-day Mumbai) | (aged 99)
Political party | Janata Dal (1988–1995) |
Other political affiliations |
|
Spouse |
Gujraben Desai
(m. 1911; died 1981) |
Children | 5 |
Alma mater | University of Mumbai |
Profession |
|
Awards | Bharat Ratna (1991) Nishan-e-Pakistan (1990) |
Signature | ![]() |
Morarji Ranchhodji Desai[1] (29 February 1896 – 10 April 1995)[2] was an Indian independence activist and politician who served as the Prime Minister of India between 1977 and 1979 leading the government formed by the Janata Party. During his long career in politics, he held many important posts in government such as Chief Minister of Bombay State, Home Minister, Finance Minister and 2nd Deputy Prime Minister of India.
Following the death of Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri, Desai was a strong contender for the position of Prime Minister, only to be defeated by Indira Gandhi in 1966. He was appointed as Minister of Finance and Deputy Prime Minister in Indira Gandhi's cabinet, until 1969. When Indian National Congress split in 1969 he became a part of the INC (O). After the controversial emergency was lifted in 1977, the political parties of the opposition fought together against the Congress (I), under the umbrella of the Janata Party, and won the 1977 election. Desai was elected prime minister, and became the first non-Congress prime minister of India. Desai was the second and the last prime minister to have been born in the nineteenth century.
On the international scene, Desai holds international fame for his peace activism and created efforts to initiate peace between two rival South Asian states, Pakistan and India.[3] After India's first nuclear test in 1974, Desai helped restore friendly relations with China and Pakistan, and vowed to avoid armed conflict such as the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971. He was honoured with the highest civilian award of Pakistan, the Nishan-e-Pakistan on 19 May 1990.
He is the oldest person to hold the office of prime minister, at the age of 81, in the history of Indian politics.[4] He subsequently retired from all political posts, but continued to campaign for the Janata Party in 1980. He was conferred with India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna. He died at the age of 99 in 1995.
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