Mountain War (Lebanon)

Mountain War حرب الجبل
Part of the Lebanese Civil War
Druze militiamen of the People's Liberation Army, celebrate on a captured bridgehead on the Awali river north of Saida, Lebanon, 1985
Date 3 September 1983 – 6 February 1984 Location Southern Mount Lebanon (Chouf District, Aley District, Baabda District) Result LNRF Victory February 6 Intifada Withdrawal of the MNF
Belligerents
Lebanese National Resistance Front PSP People's Liberation Army LCP Popular Guard SSNP-L Eagles of the Whirlwind Amal Movement Lebanese Resistance Regiments INM Al-Mourabitoun Forces Palestinian National Salvation Front PFLP-GC Fatah al-Intifada As-Sa'iqa Supported by:  Syria Syrian Army	Lebanese Armed Forces Kataeb Party Lebanese Forces Supported by: Multinational Force in Lebanon United States France Italy United Kingdom
Commanders and leaders
Walid Jumblatt George Hawi Inaam Raad Nabih Berri Ibrahim Kulaylat Ahmed Jibril Abu Musa Hafez al-Assad Ghazi Kanaan	Amine Gemayel Ibrahim Tannous Michel Aoun Fouad Abou Nader Fadi Frem Samir Geagea Ronald Reagan François Mitterrand

The Mountain War (Arabic: حرب الجبل | Harb al-Jabal), also known as the War of the Mountain, was a subconflict between the 1982–83 phase of the Lebanese Civil War and the 1984–89 phase of the Lebanese Civil War, which occurred at the mountainous Chouf District located south-east of the Lebanese Capital Beirut. It pitted the Lebanese Forces Militia (LF) and the official Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) against a coalition of the Lebanese National Resistance Front (LNRF) led by the Progressive Socialist Party (PSP), allied with the Palestinian National Salvation Front (PNSF) and backed by Syria. Hostilities began when the LF and the LAF entered the predominantly Druze Chouf District to bring back the region under government control, only to be met with fierce resistance from local Druze militias and their allies. The PSP leader Walid Jumblatt's persistence to refuse join the central government and his instigation of a wider opposition faction led to disintegration of the already fragile LAF and the eventual collapse of the government under President Amine Gemayel.