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| Neith | |||||||
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 The Egyptian goddess Neith, the primary creator, bearing her war goddess symbols, the crossed arrows and shield on her head, the ankh, and the was-sceptre. She sometimes wears the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. | |||||||
| Name in hieroglyphs |
or
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| Major cult center | Sais, Esna | ||||||
| Symbol | bow, shield, arrows, ankh, loom, mummy cloth, click beetle [1] | ||||||
| Consort | Khnum,[2] Set[a] | ||||||
| Offspring | Sobek,[3] Ra,[4] Apep,[b] Tutu,[5] Serket | ||||||
Neith /ˈniː.ɪθ/ (Koinē Greek: Νηΐθ, a borrowing of the Demotic form Ancient Egyptian: nt, likely originally to have been nrt "the terrifying one"; also spelled Nit, Net, or Neit)[6] was an early ancient Egyptian deity. She was said to be the first and the prime creator, who created the universe and all it contains, and that she governs how it functions; and the inventor of birth.[6] She was the goddess of the cosmos, fate, wisdom, water, rivers, mothers, childbirth, hunting, weaving, and originally: war.[7]
Neith was the tutelary deity of Sais (Coptic: ⲥⲁⲓ Sai from Egyptian Zau), where her cult was centered in the western Nile Delta of Lower Egypt. It is attested as early as the First Dynasty.[8] Neith was also one of the three tutelary deities of the southern city of Latopolis (Koinē Greek: Λατόπολις) or Esna (Snē) (Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲏ from earlier Egyptian: t3-snt, also iwnyt[9][10]). Latopolis was located on the western bank of the River Nile some 55 kilometres (34 mi) south of Luxor (Thebes). She was associated with Athena, and was said to have migrated from Libya to build her temple at Sais in the Nile Delta.[11]
- ^ The Symbolism and Significance of the Butterfly in Ancient Egypt (PDF).
- ^ Najovits 2003, p. 102.
- ^ Fleming & Lothian 1997, p. 62.
- ^ Lesko 1999, pp. 60–63.
- ^ Wilkinson 2003, p. 183.
- ^ a b "Neith". worldhistory.org. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
brooklynwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Shaw & Nicholson 1995, p. 250.
- ^ Richter 2016, p. 74.
- ^ Kaper 2003.
- ^ "Amazigh Religion in Libya". Libyan Heritage House. Retrieved 2024-04-13.
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