| New 1st Army | |
|---|---|
 New 1st Army parade in India. | |
| Active | 1943–1949 |
| Country |  China |
| Type | Infantry |
| Role | Combined arms Jungle warfare Mountain warfare Raiding |
| Size | Field Army New 38th Division New 22nd Division New 30th Division |
| Part of | National Revolutionary Army |
| Nickname(s) | First Army Under Heaven |
| Equipment | M1A1 Thompson M116 howitzer M2 mortar M1 carbine Karabiner 98k |
| Engagements | |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Sun Li-jen |
The New 1st Army (traditional Chinese: 新一軍; simplified Chinese: 新一军) was reputed to be the most elite military unit of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army. Nicknamed the "First Army Under Heaven" during the Chinese Civil War, it caused the most Japanese Army casualties during the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).