Ogata (written: 尾形, 緒方, 緒形, 小形, 小県 or 尾方) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Akinori Ogata (尾形 明紀, born 1973), Japanese stock car racing driver
- Akira Ogata (緒方 章, 1887–1978), Japanese chemist
- Atsunobu Ogata (緒方 厚信, born 1948), Japanese sprint canoeist
- Ogata Gekkō (尾形 月耕, 1859–1920), Japanese painter
- Issey Ogata (イッセー 尾形, born 1952), Japanese actor and comedian
- Ken Ogata (緒形 拳, 1937–2008), Japanese actor
- Kenichi Ogata (shoot boxer) (緒形 健一, born 1975), Japanese kickboxer
- Kenichi Ogata (voice actor) (緒方 賢一, born 1942), Japanese actor and voice actor
- Ogata Kenzan (尾形 乾山, 1663–1743), Japanese potter and painter
- Ogata Kōan (緒方 洪庵, 1810–1863), Japanese physician
- Ogata Kōrin (尾形 光琳, 1658–1716), Japanese painter
- Koichi Ogata (緒方 孝市, born 1968), Japanese baseball player
- Masafumi Ogata (born 1968), Japanese video game composer
- Masaki Ogata (小県 真樹, born 1964), Japanese Go player
- Megumi Ogata (緒方 恵美, born 1965), Japanese voice actress and singer
- Mitsuru Ogata (小形 満, born 1961), Japanese voice actor
- Paul Ogata (born 1968), American comedian
- Ryuichi Ogata (緒方 龍一, born 1985), Japanese vocalist
- Ogata no Saburo Koreyoshi (緒方 惟栄, ca. 1100–1200), Japanese nobleman
- Sadako Ogata (緒方 貞子, 1927–2019), Japanese diplomat and academic
- Shigeo Ogata (緒方 茂生, born 1968), Japanese freestyle swimmer
- Taketora Ogata (緒方 竹虎, 1888–1956), Japanese newspaper editor and politician
- Tsuyoshi Ogata (尾方 剛, born 1973), Japanese long-distance runner
- Yoshiko Ogata (緒方 芳子), Japanese mathematical physicist
- Yoshiyuki Ogata (緒方 良行), Japanese sport climber and boulderer
- Yuka Ogata (緒方 夕佳, born 1975), Japanese politician