Pahang Sultanate كسلطانن ڤهڠ Kesultanan Pahang | |||||||||||
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1470–1623 | |||||||||||
Status | Autonomous kingdom within the Malacca Empire (1470–1511) | ||||||||||
Capital | Pekan | ||||||||||
Common languages | Classical Malay | ||||||||||
Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||||
Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||
Sultan | |||||||||||
• 1470–1475 | Muhammad Shah (first) | ||||||||||
• 1685–1699 | Mahmud Shah II (last) | ||||||||||
History | |||||||||||
• Established | 1470 | ||||||||||
• Acehnese invasion | 1617 | ||||||||||
• Union with Johor | 1623 | ||||||||||
Currency | Tampang, native gold and silver coins | ||||||||||
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Today part of | Malaysia |
History of Malaysia |
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The Pahang Sultanate (Malay: Kesultanan Pahang, Jawi: كسلطانن ڤهڠ) also referred as the Old Pahang Sultanate, as opposed to the modern Pahang Sultanate, was a Malay Muslim state established in the eastern Malay Peninsula in the 15th century. At the height of its influence, the sultanate was an important power in Southeast Asia and controlled the entire Pahang basin, bordering the Pattani Sultanate to the north and the Johor Sultanate to the south. To the west, its jurisdiction extended over parts of modern-day Selangor and Negeri Sembilan.[1]
The sultanate has its origin as a vassal of Melaka, with its first sultan being a Melakan prince, Muhammad Shah, himself the grandson of Dewa Sura, the last pre-Melakan ruler of Pahang.[2] Over the years, Pahang grew independent from Melakan control and at one point even established itself as a rival state to Melaka[3] until the latter's demise in 1511. During this period, Pahang was heavily involved in attempts to rid the peninsula of the various foreign imperial powers; Portugal, the Netherlands and Aceh.[4] After a period of Acehnese raids in the early 17th century, Pahang entered into the amalgamation with the successor of Melaka, Johor, when its 14th sultan, Abdul Jalil Shah III, was crowned the 7th Sultan of Johor.[5] After a period of union with Johor, it was eventually revived as a modern sovereign Sultanate in the late 19th century by the Bendahara dynasty.[6]