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| Pakistani English | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Region | Pakistan |
Native speakers | 108 million (2022)[1] |
Early forms | |
| Latin (English alphabet) Unified English Braille | |
| Official status | |
Official language in |  Pakistan |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | en |
| ISO 639-2 | eng |
| ISO 639-3 | eng |
| Glottolog | paki1244 |
| IETF | en-PK |
| Part of a series on the |
| English language |
|---|
| Topics |
| Advanced topics |
| Phonology |
| Dialects |
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| Teaching |
Pakistani English (Paklish, Pinglish, PakEng, en-PK[2][3]) is a group of English-language varieties spoken in Pakistan and among the Pakistani diaspora.[4] English is the primary language used by the government of Pakistan, alongside Urdu, on the national level. While being spoken natively by only a small percentage of the population,[5] it is the primary language used in education, commerce, administration, and the legal and judicial systems.[6]
It was first recognised as a distinct variety of South Asian English and designated in the 1970s and 1980s.[7] Pakistani English, similar and related to Indian English, is slightly different from other varieties of English in respect to vocabulary, syntax, accent, spellings of some words[citation needed] and other features.
- ^ Pakistan in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (25th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
- ^ "Tongue-in-cheek: Not in my backside". Dawn. 21 February 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ^ "English as lingua franca: A linguistic imperialism?". Dawn. 14 July 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ^ McArthur, Tom, 1998. "Pakistani English." in Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. Retrieved 6 June 2009.
- ^ "Pakistan - People | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
With the exception of this educated elite, English is spoken fluently by only a small percentage of the population.
- ^ Mariam, Durrani (2012). "Banishing Colonial Specters: Language Ideology and Education Policy in Pakistan". University of Pennsylvania.
- ^ Hashmi, Alamgir (1987) [1978]. Preface. Pakistani Literature: The Contemporary English Writers. New York / Islamabad: World University Service / Gulmohar Press.