Politics of Turkey Türkiye'de siyaset | |
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Polity type | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
Constitution | Constitution of Turkey |
Legislative branch | |
Name | Grand National Assembly |
Type | Unicameral |
Meeting place | Parliament Building |
Presiding officer | Numan Kurtulmuş, Speaker of the Grand National Assembly |
Executive branch | |
Head of state and government | |
Title | President |
Currently | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan |
Appointer | Direct popular vote |
Cabinet | |
Name | Presidential Cabinet |
Current cabinet | Cabinet Erdoğan V |
Leader | President |
Deputy leader | Vice President |
Appointer | President |
Headquarters | Presidential Complex |
Ministries | 17 |
Judicial branch | |
Name | Judicial system |
Constitutional Court | |
Chief judge | Zühtü Arslan |
Council of State | |
Chief judge | Zeki Yiğit |
Court of Cassation | |
Chief judge | Mehmet Akarca |
Court of Jurisdictional Disputes | |
Chief judge | Celal Mümtaz Akıncı |
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The politics of Turkey take place in the framework of a constitutional republic and presidential system, with various levels and branches of power.
Turkey's political system is based on a separation of powers. Executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers, which is appointed and headed by the President, who serves as country's head of state and head of government. Legislative power is vested in the Grand National Assembly. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Its current constitution was adopted on 7 November 1982 after a constitutional referendum.
Major constitutional revisions were passed by the National Assembly on 21 January 2017 and approved by referendum on 16 April 2017. The reforms, among other measures, abolished the position of Prime Minister and designated the President as both head of state and government, effectively transforming Turkey from a parliamentary regime into a presidential one.
Suffrage is universal for citizens 18 years of age and older.