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| Polystichum | |
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| Polystichum setiferum | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Suborder: | Polypodiineae |
| Family: | Dryopteridaceae |
| Subfamily: | Dryopteridoideae |
| Genus: | Polystichum Roth[1] |
| Species | |
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See text. | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Polystichum is a genus of ferns in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Dryopteridoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).[1] The genus has about 500 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution.[1][3] The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with about 208 species in China alone;[3] the region from Mexico to Brazil has at least 100 additional species; Africa (at least 17 species), North America (at least 18 species), and Europe (at least 5 species) have much lower diversity. Polystichum species are terrestrial or rock-dwelling ferns of warm-temperate and montane-tropical regions (a few species grow in alpine regions). They are often found in disturbed habitats such as road cuts, talus slopes, and stream banks.[4]
- ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
PPGIwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Synonyms Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 25 Jan 2012
- ^ a b Le Péchon, Timothée; Zhang, Liang; He, Hai; Zhou, Xin-Mao; Bytebier, Benny; Gao, Xin-Fen; Zhang, Li-Bing (2016-05-01). "A well-sampled phylogenetic analysis of the polystichoid ferns (Dryopteridaceae) suggests a complex biogeographical history involving both boreotropical migrations and recent transoceanic dispersals". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 98: 324–336. Bibcode:2016MolPE..98..324L. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.018. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 26944012.
- ^ Little, D. P.; Barrington, D. S. (2003-03-01). "Major evolutionary events in the origin and diversification of the fern genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 90 (3): 508–514. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.3.508. ISSN 0002-9122. PMID 21659143. S2CID 11137206.