Ratnapura

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Ratnapura රත්නපුර இரத்தினபுரி Mini Pura, Ruwan Pura, Manikya Pura, city of Gems
City
Ratnapura
Ratnapura Clock tower
Ratnapura
Coordinates: 6°40′50″N 80°24′08″E / 6.68056°N 80.40222°E / 6.68056; 80.40222
Country	Sri Lanka
Province	Sabaragamuwa
District	Ratnapura
Government
• Type	Municipal Council
• Mayor	Tiron Hirantha Aththanayake
Area
• Total	20 km2 (8 sq mi)
Elevation	130 m (430 ft)
Population  (2022)
• Total	165,998
Demonym	Ratnians
Time zone	UTC+05:30 (SLT)
postal code	70000
Website	ratnapura.mc.gov.lk

Ratnapura (Sinhala: රත්නපුර; Tamil: இரத்தினபுரி) ("City of Gems" in Sinhala and Tamil) is a major city in Sri Lanka. It is the capital city of Sabaragamuwa Province, as well as the Ratnapura District, and is a traditional centre for the Sri Lankan gem trade. It is located on the Kalu Ganga (Black River) in south-central Sri Lanka, some 101 km (63 mi) southeast of the country's capital, Colombo. Ratnapura is also spelled as Rathnapura.

The name 'Ratnapura' is a Sanskrit word meaning "city of gems", from the Sanskrit words pura (town) and ratna (gemstone).^[1] Over 2000 years ago, when the first Buddhist monks arrived here from the north eastern provinces of India namely Bodh-Gaya, Varanasi and Pataliputra, they not only brought with them the Buddhist religion, but since their teachings were mainly in Sanskrit and Pali they also influenced the local language. While candy produced from the jaggery palm is traditionally known in this region as ratnapura, it is more likely that the candy was named for the locale rather than vice versa.^[2]

It is the centre of a long-established industry of precious stone mining including rubies, sapphires, and other gems. Apart from gem mining, the city is known for the production of rice and fruit. Large plantations of tea and rubber surround the city. Tea grown in this region is called low-country tea. There is a well-established tourism industry in Ratnapura. Nearby Sinharaja Forest Reserve, Udawalawe National Park, Kitulgala, and Adam's Peak are especially popular among tourists.^{[citation needed]}

In 1901, the town of Ratnapura had a population of 4,084, and by 2012, it had increased to 46,229, with Buddhists, Hindus, Christians and Muslims each constituting a significant portion of the population.