In the Philippines, red-tagging is the labeling of individuals or organizations as communists, subversives, or terrorists,[1] regardless of their actual political beliefs or affiliations.[2] It is a type of harassment and has pernicious effects on its targets.[3] Red-tagging has been practiced by security forces,[4][5][6][7] government officials or shills.
The practice is a relic of the Cold War and has had a long history in the former American colony.[8] Cause-oriented groups including the United Nations,[9] Amnesty International,[10] and Human Rights Watch[11] warn that its use as a political tactic undermines Philippine democracy by stifling dissent, producing a chilling effect on general discourse and, more insidiously, encouraging assassinations and retaliations.[12][13]
- ^ Haynes, Oliver (February 18, 2021). "Deadly 'Red-Tagging' Campaign Ramps Up in Philippines". Voice of America. Archived from the original on November 28, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
- ^ Torres, Jose (May 8, 2019). "Religious, rights groups fight 'red tagging' in Philippines". Union of Catholic Asian News. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ "VERA FILES FACT SHEET: Why 'red-tagging' is dangerous". Vera Files. October 11, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
- ^ P. Reyes, Miguel Paolo; F. Ariate, Joel (August 16, 2020). "Named Enemies, Hidden Targets: The Precursors to the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020". Vera Files. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
- ^ Tarriela, Jay Tristan (September 24, 2020). "Why the Philippines Needs to Revise Its National Defense Act". The Diplomat. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
- ^ C. Capistrano, Zea Io Ming (February 7, 2017). "Duterte to Reds: Do Not Coerce Me; Military Might Not Like It". Davao Today.
- ^ Castañeda, Jason (November 3, 2021). "Why Duterte Couldn't Beat the Communists". Asia Times. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
- ^ Pagusara y J., Don [in Cebuano] (November 11, 2015). "Foreign Colonial Ideology". Davao Today. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
- ^ Robles, Nathalie (May 3, 2019). "UN experts urge PH gov't to stop red-tagging". Asian Journal. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
- ^ "Philippines: Stop 'Red-Tagging', Investigate Killings of Journalists". Amnesty International (Press release). June 24, 2019.
- ^ "Human Rights Watch expresses 'deep concern' over red-tagging in Cagayan de Oro". Rappler. February 23, 2019. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
- ^ Ayalin, Adrian (October 4, 2018). "Red-tagging schools may embolden military to suppress rights, freedom – CHR". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
- ^ Hart, Michael (May 26, 2021). "Duterte's 'Red-Tagging' Risks Igniting the Philippines' Maoist Insurgency". Geopolitical Monitor. Retrieved September 24, 2022.