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During World War II, Lithuania was occupied twice by the Soviet Union (1940–1941; post-1944) and once by Nazi Germany (1941–1944). Resistance took many forms.
During the occupations, there arose parallel resistance movements in Lithuania that had competing goals due to the different priorities of the several ethnicities, besides the fringe Soviet collaborators whose fate was tied to the Soviet Union and were more united by ideology than ethnicity. For example, the anti-Nazi resistance in Lithuania was fractured into the Lithuanian anti-Nazi resistance (the Lithuanian Front, the Lithuanian Liberty Army, the Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters and more), the Jewish partisans, the Polish Home Army and the Soviet partisans.[1] Notably, although the latter two resistance movements fought against Nazi occupation, they also fought for Lithuania's occupation by their respective countries.[citation needed] Many Polish resistance members were against the possibility of an independent Lithuania after the war's end.[2][needs independent confirmation]