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Romanians

Not to be confused with Romani people, Romans or Aromanians.
For information on the population of Romania, see Demographics of Romania.

Romanians
Români
Ethnic distribution of Romanians around the world
Total population
c. 22.8–24.8 million[1] (including Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups living abroad)
Regions with significant populations
 Romania 19,053,815 (2022 Romanian census)[2]
 Moldova 192,800 (2014 Moldovan census; additional 2,068,058 Moldovans)[3][4]
Other countries
Europe
 Italy1,206,938 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups[5]
 Spain630,795 Romanian citizens (2023)[6]-1,079,726 including naturalized and second and third generation Romanians (2022)[7][8]
 Germany866,000 (2022) migrants from Romania of all ethnic groups, including a wide range of Romanian Germans as well[9]
 United Kingdom329,000 Romanian-born residents (2022)[10]
 France200,000–500,000 (2022)[11] Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[12]
 Ukraine150,989 (additional 258,619 Moldovans)[13]
 Austria131,788 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, including many Transylvanian Saxons as well[14]
 Belgium92,746 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups[15]
 Greece46,523 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[16]
 Netherlands39,654 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups[17]
 Portugal39,000 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[18]
 Hungary36,506[19]
 Denmark34,960 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[20]
 Sweden32,294 born in Romania, of all ethnic groups[21]
 Ireland29,186 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[22]
Cyprus Cyprus24,376 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[23]
 Serbia23,044 (additional 21,013 Timok Vlachs)[24]
  Switzerland21,593 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[25]
 Norway18,877 migrants of Romania, of all ethnic groups[26]
 Czech Republic14,684 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[27][28]
 Turkey14,411 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[29]
 Luxembourg5,209 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[30]
 Polandc. 5,000[31]
 Slovakia4,941 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[32]
 Finland4,902 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[33]
 Russia3,201[34]
 Malta2,000[citation needed]
 Iceland1,463 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups[35]
 Bulgaria891[36]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina100[37]
North America
 United States518,653–1,400,000 (incl. mixed origin, Romanian Germans and Romanian Jews)[38][39][40][41][42]
 Canada204,625–400,000 (incl. mixed origin)[43][44]
 Mexico569[45]
South America
 Brazil200,000 migrants from Romania and Romanian citizens, of all ethnic groups[46]
 Venezuela10,000 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups[47]
 Argentina10,000 of Romanian origin, including Romanian Jews and Romanian Romani[48]
 Colombia350[49]
 Uruguay200[49]
 Peru174[49]
Oceania
 Australia20,998 first and second generation migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups[50]
 New Zealand3,100[51]
Asia
 Israel100,823[52] (mostly Romanian Jews)
 Japan2,708[53]
 South Korea661[54]
 Kazakhstan421[55][56]
 Vietnam100[49]
Africa
 South Africa2,828[52]
 Egypt420[49]
Languages
Romanian
Religion
Predominantly Orthodox Christianity
(Romanian Orthodox Church),
also Roman Catholic, Greek Catholic, and Protestant
Related ethnic groups
Other Eastern Romance-speaking peoples
(most notably Moldovans, Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians)
Part of a series on the
Culture of Romania
History
People
Languages
Traditions
Mythology and folklore
Cuisine
Festivals
Religion
Art
Literature
Music and performing arts
Media
Sport
Monuments
Symbols
Organisations
Part of a series of articles on
Romanians
Native communities
Diaspora
Europe

North America

South America

Oceania

Culture
History
Language

Romanians (Romanian: români, pronounced [roˈmɨnʲ]; dated exonym Vlachs) are a Romance-speaking[57][58][59] ethnic group and nation native to Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe.[60] Sharing a common culture and ancestry, they speak the Romanian language and live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2021 Romanian census found that 89.3% of Romania's citizens identified themselves as ethnic Romanians.[61]

In one interpretation of the 1989 census results in Moldova, the majority of Moldovans were counted as ethnic Romanians as well.[62][63] Romanians also form an ethnic minority in several nearby countries situated in Central, Southeastern, and Eastern Europe, most notably in Hungary, Serbia (including Timok), and Ukraine.

Estimates of the number of Romanian people worldwide vary from minimum 24 to maximum 30 million, in part depending on whether the definition of the term "Romanian" includes natives of both Romania and Moldova, their respective diasporas, and native speakers of both Romanian and other Eastern Romance languages. Other speakers of the latter languages are the Aromanians, the Megleno-Romanians, and the Istro-Romanians (native to Istria), all of them unevenly distributed throughout the Balkan Peninsula, which may be considered either Romanian subgroups or separated but related ethnicities.

  1. ^ "6–8 Million Romanians live outside Romania's borders". Ziua Veche. 13 December 2013. Archived from the original on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  2. ^ "Population and housing census, 2021 - provisional results". Archived from the original on 6 March 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  3. ^ Statistică, Biroul Naţional de (2 August 2013). "// Recensămîntul populației și al locuințelor 2014". statistica.gov.md. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  4. ^ Includes additional 177,635 Moldovans in Transnistria; as per the 2004 census in Transnistria
  5. ^ "Romeni in Italia - statistiche e distribuzione per regione" (in Italian). Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
  6. ^ "Población por comunidades y provincias, país de nacimiento, edad (Grupos quinquenales) y sexo" (PDF). Archived from the original on 30 January 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  7. ^ "Población extranjera por Nacionalidad, comunidades, Sexo y Año. Datos provisionales 2020". INE. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  8. ^ "Estadística de residentes extranjeros en España" (PDF). Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration (in Spanish). p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  9. ^ "Statistischer Bericht - Mikrozensus - Bevölkerung nach Migrationshintergrund - Erstergebnisse 2022". 20 April 2023. Archived from the original on 17 July 2023. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  10. ^ "Population of the United Kingdom by country of birth and nationality, July 2020 to June 2021". ons.gov.uk. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 5 February 2023..
  11. ^ "According to the Secretary of State Romanian, Florin Cârciu: In France alone we have 500,000 Romanians, more than what the French State declares today". Adevarul. 19 May 2022. Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2023..
  12. ^ "Câţi români muncesc în străinătate şi unde sunt cei mai mulţi". EWconomica.net. 30 November 2013. Archived from the original on 28 October 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  13. ^ As per the 2001 Ukrainian National Census (data-ro
  14. ^ "Anzahl der Ausländer in Österreich nach den zehn wichtigsten Staatsangehörigkeiten am 1. Januar 2021". Statista. Archived from the original on 30 November 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  15. ^ V. M. (18 March 2016). "Migratie in cijfers en in rechten 2018" (PDF). HotNews.ro (in Dutch). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
  16. ^ "Announcement of the demographic and social characteristics of the Resident Population of Greece according to the 2011 Population – Housing Census" (PDF) (Press release). 23 August 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2013.
  17. ^ "Bevolking; generatie, geslacht, leeftijd en herkomstgroepering, 1 januari". Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 September 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  18. ^ "Câţi români au părăsit România pentru a trăi în străinătate". 25 September 2015. Archived from the original on 15 April 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  19. ^ Vukovich, Gabriella (2018). Mikrocenzus 2016 – 12. Nemzetiségi adatok [2016 microcensus – 12. Ethnic data] (PDF) (in Hungarian). Budapest: Hungarian Central Statistical Office. ISBN 978-963-235-542-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  20. ^ "Immigrants and Descentants, 1 January 2020". Statistics Denmark. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  21. ^ "Utrikes födda samt födda i Sverige med en eller två utrikes födda föräldrar efter födelseland/ursprungsland, 31 december 2017, totalt". Statistics Sweden / Befolkning efter födelseland, ålder, kön och år. Archived from the original on 20 December 2008. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  22. ^ "Census 2016 Summary Results – Part 1" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 November 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
  23. ^ "Cyprus 2011 census". Cystat.gov.cy. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  24. ^ "Становништво према националној припадности" (in Serbian). Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  25. ^ "Permanent and non permanent resident population by canton, sex, citizenship, country of birth and age, 2014–2015". Federal Statistical Office. 26 August 2016. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  26. ^ "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, 1 January 2022". Statistics Norway (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 11 April 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2023.
  27. ^ Mădălin Danciu (31 December 2018). "Foreigners in the Czechia by citizenship". CZSO. Archived from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
  28. ^ "Foreigners by category of residence, sex, and citizenship as at 31 December 2016". Czso.cz. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  29. ^ Ana Ilie (20 July 2015). "Pentru ce facem moschee la București: În căutarea românilor ortodocși din Turcia". Ziare.com (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
  30. ^ "Population by nationalities in detail 2011 - 2019". Statistiques // Luxembourg.[permanent dead link‍]
  31. ^ Ambasada României în Polonia. "Comunitatea românească din Polonia". Ambasada României în Republica Polonă (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
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  33. ^ Statistics Finland (20 February 2019). "Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases".[permanent dead link‍]
  34. ^ "2010 Russia Census". Russian Federation Statistics Office. Archived from the original on 24 April 2012. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  35. ^ Ambasada României în Regatul Danemarcei (9 March 2019). "Comunitatea româneacă din Islanda". Ambasada României în Regatul Danemarcei (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  36. ^ "2011 Bulgarian Census". Censusresults.nsi.bg. Archived from the original on 19 December 2015. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  37. ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romania). "Bosnia și Herțegovina − Comunitatea românească" (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  38. ^ "Total ancestry categories tallied for people with one or more ancestry categories reported, 2014 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. 2014. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
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  40. ^ "Romanian-American Community". Romanian-American Network Inc. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
  41. ^ "2000 Census". Census.gov. Archived from the original on 23 July 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  42. ^ Romanian Communities Allocation in United States: Study of Romanian-American population (2002), Romanian-American Network, Inc. Retrieved 14 October 2005. Their figure of 1.2 million includes "200,000–225,000 Romanian Jews", 50,000–60,000 Germans from Romania, etc.
  43. ^ "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables". 12.statcan.gc.ca. 8 May 2013. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
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  46. ^ Bejan, Gabriel (16 February 2008). "200.000 de români trăiesc "visul brazilian"". România liberă (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 3 September 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
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  55. ^ "Ethnic composition, religion and language skills in the Republic of Kazakhstan". www.stat.kz. 2011. Archived from the original (RAR) on 11 May 2011.
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  57. ^ Pop, Ioan-Aurel (1996). Romanians and Hungarians from the 9th to the 14th century. Romanian Cultural Foundation. ISBN 0-88033-440-1. Archived from the original on 27 September 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2019. We could say that contemporary Europe is made up of three large groups of peoples, divided on the criteria of their origin and linguistic affiliation. They are the following: the Romanic or neo-Latin peoples (Italians, Spaniards, Portuguese, French, Romanians, etc.), the Germanic peoples (Germans proper, English, Dutch, Danes, Norwegians, Swedes, Icelanders, etc.), and the Slavic peoples (Russians, Ukrainians, Belorussians, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Bulgarians, Serbs, Croats, Slovenians, etc.)
  58. ^ Minahan, James (2000). One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 548, 776. ISBN 0-313-30984-1. Archived from the original on 16 January 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2018. The Romanians are a Latin nation [...] Romance (Latin) nations... Romanians
  59. ^ Cole, Jeffrey (2011). Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-302-6. Archived from the original on 11 March 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2019. Romanians are the only Latin people to adopt Orthodoxy
  60. ^ *"Vlach - History, Language & Culture". britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023. Although the origin of Aromanian and Meglenoromanian (and Romanian) from Balkan Latin is beyond question, it is unclear to what extent contemporary Balkan Romance speakers are descended from Roman colonists or from indigenous pre-Roman Balkan populations who shifted to Latin. [...] Nationalist historians deploy one or the other scenario to justify modern territorial claims or claims to indigeneity. Thus, Hungarian (Magyar) claims to Transylvania assume a complete Roman exodus from Dacia, while Romanian claims assume that Romance continued to be spoken by Romanized Dacians. Most scholars who are not nationally affiliated assume the second scenario.
  61. ^ Bogdan Păcurar (30 December 2022). "Recensământ 2022. România are 19.053.815 locuitori. Țara noastră a pierdut peste un milion de locuitori față de acum 10 ani". Digi24.ro (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 30 December 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  62. ^ Ethnic Groups Worldwide: A Ready Reference Handbook By David Levinson, Published 1998 – Greenwood Publishing Group.
  63. ^ At the time of the 1989 census, Moldova's total population was 4,335,400. The largest nationality in the republic, ethnic Romanians, numbered 2,795,000 persons, accounting for 64.5 percent of the population. Source : U.S. Library of Congress Archived 21 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine: "however it is one interpretation of census data results. The subject of Moldovan vs Romanian ethnicity touches upon the sensitive topic of" Moldova's national identity, page 108 sqq. Archived 6 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine
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