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| Sahaptin | |
|---|---|
| Native to | United States |
| Region | Washington, Oregon, and Idaho |
| Ethnicity | 10,000 Sahaptins (1977)[1] |
Native speakers | 100–125 (2007)[1] |
Penutian?
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:uma – Umatillawaa – Walla Wallayak – Yakamatqn – Tenino |
qot Sahaptin | |
| Glottolog | saha1240 |
| ELP | Sahaptin |
 Sahaptin is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Sahaptin or Shahaptin, endonym Ichishkin,[2] is one of the two-language Sahaptian branch of the Plateau Penutian family spoken in a section of the northwestern plateau along the Columbia River and its tributaries in southern Washington, northern Oregon, and southwestern Idaho, in the United States;[3] the other language is Nez Perce or Niimi'ipuutímt.
The word Sahaptin/Shahaptin is not the one used by the tribes that speak it, but from the Columbia Salish name, Sħáptənəxw / S-háptinoxw, which means "stranger in the land". This is the name Sinkiuse-Columbia speakers traditionally called the Nez Perce people.[4] Early white explorers mistakenly applied the name to all the various Sahaptin speaking people, as well as to the Nez Perce. Sahaptin is spoken by various tribes of the Washington Reservations; Yakama, Warm Springs, Umatilla; and also spoken in many smaller communities such as Celilo, Oregon.
The Yakama tribal cultural resources program has been promoting the use of the traditional name of the language, Ichishkíin Sɨ́nwit ('this language'), instead of the Salish term Sahaptin.[5]
- ^ a b Umatilla at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Walla Walla at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Yakama at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Tenino at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Leonard & Haynes 2010.
- ^ Mithun 1999.
- ^ Wassink & Hargus 2020.
- ^ Beavert & Hargus 2010.