Sangley Rebellion

1st Sangley Rebellion
Part of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines
Spanish depiction of Sangley, Chinese in the Philippines, Boxer Codex, late 16th c.
Date October 1603 Location Manila, Luzon, Spanish Philippines Result Spanish repression and massacre of Sangley Chinese
Belligerents
Spanish Empire Spanish Philippines Japanese residents of Spanish Philippines	Sangley Chinese residents of Spanish Philippines
Commanders and leaders
Luis Pérez Dasmariñas  †	Encang / Eng Kang (Juan Bautista de Vera)
Casualties and losses
128 Spanish soldiers and Tagalog militiamen Unknown number of allied Japanese residents	Several thousands (estimated)

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The Sangley Rebellion was a series of armed confrontations between overseas Chinese, known as the Sangley, and the Spanish and their allied forces in Manila under the Captaincy General of the Philippines, in October 1603. The local ethnic Chinese residents dominated trade and outnumbered Spanish residents in Manila by a five-to-one ratio, although both were minorities to the indigenous Tagalog population. The ruling Spaniards feared and resented the rival Chinese minority. Policies of persecution were enacted against the local Chinese residents and they were expelled from the city to an undesirable swamp area in 1586, which the local Chinese turned into a thriving town (modern-day Binondo). The local Chinese planned a strike due to worsening relations, but it resulted in the execution of their mayor (cabecilla / Capitan chino / alcalde), and became a rebellion. It ended in the massacre of more than 20,000 ethnic Chinese in Manila at the hands of the Spaniards, local Japanese (residing in Dilao), and indigenous Tagalog forces.^[1][2]