Shatranj (Arabic: شطرنج, pronounced [ʃaˈtˤrandʒ]; from Middle Persian: چترنگ, chatrang) is an old form of chess, as played in the Sasanian Empire. Its origins are in the Indian game of chaturanga.[1] Modern chess gradually developed from this game, as it was introduced to Europe by contacts in Muslim Al-Andalus (modern Spain) and in Sicily in the 10th century. In modern Persian, the term is also used as the translation of chess.[2]