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In Islam, the belief that spiritual entities—particularly, jinn—can possess a person, (or a thing or location),[1] is widespread; as is the belief that the jinn and devils can be expelled from the possessed person (or thing/location) through exorcism. This practice is called al-'azm[2]: 98 or ruqya (Arabic: رقية, romanized: ruqya, spell, charm, magic, incantation),[3] and exorcists are called raqi.
Belief in the supernatural—witchcraft, sorcery, magic, ghosts, and demons—in the Muslim world is not marginalized as eccentric or a product of ignorance, but is prevalent among all social classes.[citation needed] Belief in the supernatural creatures known as Jinn is both an integral part of Islamic belief,[4] and a common explanations in society "for evil, illness, health, wealth, and position in society as well as all mundane and inexplicable phenomena in between".[citation needed] Jinn are thought to be able to enter and possess people, with evil jinn causing various maladies in the humans they possess.[citation needed]