American physicist and former U.S. Secretary of Energy (born 1948)
Steven Chu
Chu in 2014
In office January 21, 2009 – April 22, 2013President Barack Obama Deputy Daniel Poneman Preceded by Samuel Bodman Succeeded by Ernest Moniz
Born (1948-02-28 ) February 28, 1948 (age 76) St. Louis, Missouri , U.S.Political party Democratic [ 1] [ 2] Spouse(s) Lisa Chu-Thielbar (divorced)
Children 2 Parent Relatives Education University of Rochester (BA , BS )University of California, Berkeley (MS , PhD )Occupation Politician, writer Profession Physicist Awards Website University website Scientific career Fields Atomic physics , biological physics , polymer physics Institutions Thesis Observation of the Forbidden Magnetic Dipole Transition 62 P1/2 →72 P1/2 in Atomic Thallium (1976) Doctoral advisor Eugene D. Commins Doctoral students Michale Fee
Chinese 朱棣文 Hanyu Pinyin Zhū Dìwén
Steven Chu [ 3] FREng ForMemRS HonFInstP (born February 28, 1948)[ 4] is an American physicist and former government official. He is a Nobel laureate and was the 12th U.S. secretary of energy . He is currently the William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Physics and Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology at Stanford University . He is known for his research at the University of California, Berkeley , and his research at Bell Laboratories and Stanford University regarding the cooling and trapping of atoms with laser light , for which he shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics with Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William Daniel Phillips .[ 5] [ambiguous ]
Chu served as U.S. Secretary of Energy under the administration of President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013. At the time of his appointment as Energy Secretary, Chu was a professor of physics and molecular and cellular biology at the University of California, Berkeley, and the director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , where his research[ 6] [ 7] [ 8] was concerned primarily with the study of biological systems at the single molecule level .[ 9] Chu resigned as energy secretary on April 22, 2013.[ 10] [ 11] [ 12] [ 13] [ 14] He returned to Stanford as Professor of Physics and Professor of Molecular & Cellular Physiology.[citation needed ]
Chu is a vocal advocate for more research into renewable energy and nuclear power , arguing that a shift away from fossil fuels is essential to combating climate change .[ 15] [ 16] [ 17] He has conceived of a global "glucose economy", a form of a low-carbon economy , in which glucose from tropical plants is shipped around like oil is today.[ 18] On February 22, 2019, Chu began a one-year term as president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science .[ 19]
^ Steven Chu's file . PolitiFact. Retrieved on 2012-02-04.
^ "Fundraising activities are limited, but star power brings in the bucks" . Archived from the original on 2012-02-15. Retrieved 2012-02-15 .
^ Chu, Steven was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society in 1986 for his contributions in atomic physics and laser spectroscopy , including the first observation of parity non-conservation in atoms, excitation and precision spectroscopy of positronium, and the optical confinement and cooling of atoms.
^ O'Shea, Jennifer L. (December 30, 2008). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Steven Chu; Steven Chu is President-elect Obama's pick for energy secretary" . U.S. News & World Report . Retrieved December 17, 2012 .
^ Steven Chu on Nobelprize.org
^ Ashkin, A.; Dziedzic, J. M.; Bjorkholm, J. E.; Chu, S. (1986). "Observation of a single-beam gradient force optical trap for dielectric particles". Optics Letters . 11 (5): 288. Bibcode :1986OptL...11..288A . CiteSeerX 10.1.1.205.4729 . doi :10.1364/OL.11.000288 . PMID 19730608 .
^ Raab, E.; Prentiss, M.; Cable, A.; Chu, S.; Pritchard, D. (1987). "Trapping of Neutral Sodium Atoms with Radiation Pressure". Physical Review Letters . 59 (23): 2631–2634. Bibcode :1987PhRvL..59.2631R . doi :10.1103/PhysRevLett.59.2631 . PMID 10035608 .
^ Chu, S.; Bjorkholm, J.; Ashkin, A.; Cable, A. (1986). "Experimental Observation of Optically Trapped Atoms" . Physical Review Letters . 57 (3): 314–317. Bibcode :1986PhRvL..57..314C . doi :10.1103/PhysRevLett.57.314 . PMID 10034028 .
^ "Dr. Steven Chu, Secretary of Energy" . United States Department of Energy . Retrieved 2009-02-24 .
^ "White House Email: Energy Secretary Chu Must Go 'As Soon As Possible' " . ABC News . 2011-11-11. Retrieved 2017-07-19 .
^ Dixon, Darius. "Energy Secretary Steven Chu to resign" . Politico . Retrieved 1 February 2013 .
^ Mufson, Stevenson. "Energy secretary Steven Chu resigns" . The Washington Post . Retrieved 23 January 2017 .
^ Dalton, R (2009). "Steven Chu prepares for power" . Nature . 457 (7227): 241. doi :10.1038/457241a . PMID 19148062 .
^ Service, R. F. (2007). "Steven Chu profile. Steering a national lab into the light" . Science . 315 (5813): 784. doi :10.1126/science.315.5813.784 . PMID 17289971 . S2CID 1451679 .
^ H. Josef Hebert (2008-12-08). "Energy secretary pick argues for new fuel sources" . Associated Press. Retrieved 2010-11-09 .
^ Sarah Jane Tribble, 'Nuclear: Dark horse energy alternative,' Archived 2013-08-29 at the Wayback Machine Oakland Tribune, 2007-06-18.
^ Directors of DOE National Laboratories (August 2008). "A Sustainable Energy Future: The Essential Role of Nuclear Energy" (PDF) . Department of Energy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-30.
^ "A scientist who is on tap, on top" . St. Petersberg Times . July 26, 2009. Archived from the original on January 24, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2010 .
^ "Nobel Laureate Steven Chu Assumes Term as AAAS President" . Reuters. 22 February 2019.