Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Streptomycin Other names S/STR/STS[ 1] AHFS /Drugs.com Monograph License data
Routes of administration Intramuscular , intravenous ATC code Legal status
AU : S4 (Prescription only)
UK : POM (Prescription only)
US : ℞-only
Bioavailability 84% to 88% IM (est.)[ 2] 0% by mouth Elimination half-life 5 to 6 hours Excretion Kidney
5-(2,4-diguanidino- 3,5,6-trihydroxy-cyclohexoxy)- 4-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl) -3-methylamino-tetrahydropyran-2-yl] oxy-3-hydroxy-2-methyl -tetrahydrofuran-3-carbaldehyde
CAS Number PubChem CID DrugBank ChemSpider UNII KEGG ChEBI ChEMBL NIAID ChemDB PDB ligand CompTox Dashboard (EPA ) ECHA InfoCard 100.000.323 Formula C 21 H 39 N 7 O 12 Molar mass 581.580 g·mol−1 3D model (JSmol ) Melting point 12 °C (54 °F) [citation needed ]
CC1C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(C(C2O)O)N=C(N)N)O)N=C(N)N)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)NC)(C=O)O
InChI=1S/C21H39N7O12/c1-5-21(36,4-30)16(40-17-9(26-2)13(34)10(31)6(3-29)38-17)18(37-5)39-15-8(28-20(24)25)11(32)7(27-19(22)23)12(33)14(15)35/h4-18,26,29,31-36H,3H2,1-2H3,(H4,22,23,27)(H4,24,25,28)/t5-,6-,7+,8-,9-,10-,11+,12-,13-,14+,15+,16-,17-,18-,21+/m0/s1
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Streptomycin is an antibiotic medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections,[ 3] including tuberculosis , Mycobacterium avium complex , endocarditis , brucellosis , Burkholderia infection , plague , tularemia , and rat bite fever .[ 3] For active tuberculosis it is often given together with isoniazid , rifampicin , and pyrazinamide .[ 4] It is administered by injection into a vein or muscle .[ 3]
Common side effects include vertigo , vomiting, numbness of the face, fever, and rash.[ 3] Use during pregnancy may result in permanent deafness in the developing baby.[ 3] Use appears to be safe while breastfeeding .[ 4] It is not recommended in people with myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disorders .[ 4] Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside .[ 3] It works by blocking the ability of 30S ribosomal subunits to make proteins, which results in bacterial death .[ 3]
Albert Schatz first isolated streptomycin in 1943 from Streptomyces griseus .[ 5] [ 6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines .[ 7] The World Health Organization classifies it as critically important for human medicine.[ 8]
^ "Antibiotic abbreviations list" . Retrieved June 22, 2023 .
^ Cite error: The named reference Zhu2001
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^ a b c d e f g "Streptomycin Sulfate" . The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 8, 2016 .
^ a b c World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008 . World Health Organization. pp. 136, 144, 609. hdl :10665/44053 . ISBN 9789241547659 .
^ Torok E, Moran E, Cooke F (2009). Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology . OUP Oxford. p. Chapter 2. ISBN 9780191039621 . Archived from the original on September 8, 2017.
^ Renneberg R, Demain AL (2008). Biotechnology for Beginners . Elsevier. p. 103. ISBN 9780123735812 . Archived from the original on September 10, 2017.
^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 . Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl :10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^ World Health Organization (2019). Critically important antimicrobials for human medicine (6th revision ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl :10665/312266 . ISBN 9789241515528 . License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.