Back তদ্ভব Bengali/Bangla Ταντμπάβα Greek तद्भव (पत्रिका) Hindi ತದ್ಭವ Kannada തദ്ഭവം Malayalam तद्भव Marathi तद्भव Nepali Tadbhava NN Tadbhava NB
Tadbhava (Sanskrit: तद्भव, IPA: [tɐdbʱɐʋɐ], lit. "arising from that") is the Sanskrit word for one of three etymological classes defined by native grammarians of Middle Indo-Aryan languages, alongside tatsama and deśi words.[1] A "tadbhava" is a word with an Indo-Aryan origin (and thus related to Sanskrit) but which has evolved through language change in the Middle Indo-Aryan stage and eventually inherited into a modern Indo-Aryan language. In this sense, tadbhavas can be considered the native (inherited) vocabulary of modern Indo-Aryan languages.
Tadbhavas are distinguished from tatsamas, a term applied to words borrowed from Classical Sanskrit after the development of the Middle Indo-Aryan languages; tatsamas thus retain their Sanskrit form (at least in the orthographic form). This can be compared to the use of borrowed Classical Latin vocabulary in modern Romance languages. Both tadbhavas and tatsamas are also distinguished from deśi ("local") words, a term applied to words that have a non-Indo-Aryan source, typically Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic, or Tibeto-Burman.[2] In the modern context, the terms "tadbhava" and "tatsama" are applied to Sanskrit loanwords not only in Indo-Aryan languages, but also in Dravidian, Munda and other South Asian languages.[3]
- ^ Kahrs, Eivind G. (1992). "What is a tadbhava word?". Indo-Iranian Journal. 35 (2–3): 225–249. doi:10.1007/BF00164933. S2CID 189783538. at pp. 67-69.
- ^ Grierson, George (1920). "Indo-Aryan Vernaculars (Continued)". Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies. 3 (1): 51–85. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00087152. at pp. 67-69.
- ^ Staal, J.F. (1963). "Sanskrit and Sanskritization". The Journal of Asian Studies. 22 (3). Association for Asian Studies: 261–275. doi:10.2307/2050186. JSTOR 2050186. at p. 272.