"
I Have a Dream" is a public speech that was delivered by American
civil rights activist
Martin Luther King Jr. during the
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, in which he called for civil and economic rights and an end to
racism in the United States. Delivered to more than 250,000 civil rights supporters from the steps of the
Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., the speech was a defining moment of the
civil rights movement and among the most iconic speeches in U.S. history. Beginning with a reference to the
Emancipation Proclamation, which declared millions of slaves free in 1863, King said "one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free". Toward the end of the speech, King departed from his prepared text for a partly improvised
peroration on the theme "I have a dream", prompted by
Mahalia Jackson's cry: "Tell them about the dream, Martin!" In this part of the speech, which most excited the listeners and has now become its most famous, King described his dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of slavery and hatred. The speech was ranked the top American speech of the 20th century in a 1999 poll of scholars of public address.
This photograph, taken by Rowland Scherman, features King and fellow civil rights activist Mathew Ahmann (with glasses) among a crowd of other protestors during the March on Washington.Photograph credit: Rowland Scherman; restored by Adam Cuerden