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Thyroid hormones
are
hormones
produced and released by the
thyroid gland
, namely
triiodothyronine
(T
3
) and thyroxine (T
4
). They are
tyrosine
-based hormones that are primarily responsible for regulation of
metabolism
. T
3
and T
4
are partially composed of
iodine
, derived from food. A deficiency of iodine leads to decreased production of T
3
and T
4
, enlarges the
thyroid tissue
and will cause the disease known as
simple goitre
. This illustration shows the synthesis of thyroid hormones, as seen on an individual
thyroid follicular cell
.
Illustration credit:
Mikael Häggström
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