Treaty of Paris (1815)

Treaty of Paris

Zone of occupation of France from June 1815 to November 1818. The French territory where the occupation came into force:    British occupation zone    Prussian occupation zone    Russian occupation zone    Baden and Saxony occupation zone    Bavarian occupation zone    Hesse and Württemberg occupation zone    Swiss occupation zone    Sardinian occupation zone    Austrian occupation zone
Type	Bilateral treaty
Signed	20 November 1815 (1815-11-20)
Location	Paris, France
Original signatories	France  United Kingdom  Austria  Prussia  Russia
Full text
Treaty of Paris (1815) at Wikisource

The Treaty of Paris of 1815, also known as the Second Treaty of Paris, was signed on 20 November 1815, after the defeat and the second abdication of Napoleon Bonaparte. In February, Napoleon had escaped from his exile on Elba, entered Paris on 20 March and began the Hundred Days of his restored rule. After France's defeat at the hands of the Seventh Coalition at the Battle of Waterloo,^[1] Napoleon was persuaded to abdicate again, on 22 June. King Louis XVIII, who had fled the country when Napoleon arrived in Paris, took the throne for a second time on 8 July.

The 1815 treaty had more punitive terms than the treaty of the previous year. France was ordered to pay 700 million francs in indemnities, and its borders were reduced to those that had existed on 1 January 1790. France was to pay additional money to cover the cost of providing additional defensive fortifications to be built by neighbouring Coalition countries. Under the terms of the treaty, parts of France were to be occupied by up to 150,000 soldiers for five years, with France covering the cost. However, the Coalition occupation under the command of the Duke of Wellington was deemed necessary for only three years; the foreign troops withdrew from France in 1818 (Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle).^[2][3]

In addition to the definitive peace treaty between France and Great Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia, there were four additional conventions and an act confirming the neutrality of Switzerland, signed on the same day.^[4]