Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D NMR) is a set of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) methods which give data plotted in a space defined by two frequency axes rather than one. Types of 2D NMR include correlation spectroscopy (COSY), J-spectroscopy, exchange spectroscopy (EXSY), and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY). Two-dimensional NMR spectra provide more information about a molecule than one-dimensional NMR spectra and are especially useful in determining the structure of a molecule, particularly for molecules that are too complicated to work with using one-dimensional NMR.

The first two-dimensional experiment, COSY, was proposed by Jean Jeener, a professor at the Université Libre de Bruxelles, in 1971. This experiment was later implemented by Walter P. Aue, Enrico Bartholdi and Richard R. Ernst, who published their work in 1976.[1][2][3]

  1. ^ Aue, W. P.; Bartholdi, E.; Ernst, R. R. (1976). "Two-dimensional spectroscopy. Application to nuclear magnetic resonance". Journal of Chemical Physics. 64 (5): 2229–46. Bibcode:1976JChPh..64.2229A. doi:10.1063/1.432450.
  2. ^ Martin, G. E; Zekter, A. S. (1988). Two-Dimensional NMR Methods for Establishing Molecular Connectivity. New York: VCH Publishers, Inc. p. 59.
  3. ^ Mateescu, Gheorghe D.; Valeriu, Adrian (1993). 2D NMR Density Matrix and Product Operator Treatment. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: PTR Prentice Hall.

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