Tzipi Livni | |
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ציפי לבני | |
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Ministerial roles | |
2001 | Minister of Regional Cooperation |
2001–2002 | Minister without Portfolio |
2002–2003 | Minister of Agriculture |
2003–2006 | Minister of Immigrant Absorption |
2004–2005 | Minister of Housing and Construction |
2006–2007 | Minister of Justice |
2006–2009 | Minister of Foreign Affairs |
2013–2014 | Minister of Justice |
2013–2014 | Minister for the Promotion of the Diplomatic Process |
Faction represented in the Knesset | |
1999–2005 | Likud |
2005–2012 | Kadima |
2013–2014 | Hatnua |
2014–2019 | Zionist Union |
2019 | Hatnua |
Other roles | |
2009–2012 | Leader of the Opposition |
2018–2019 | Leader of the Opposition |
Personal details | |
Born | [1] Tel Aviv, Israel | 8 July 1958
Signature | ![]() |
Tziporah Malka "Tzipi" Livni (Hebrew: ציפי (ציפורה) מלכה לבני, pronounced [tsipoˈʁa malˈka ˈtsipi ˈlivni]; born 8 July 1958) is an Israeli politician, diplomat, and lawyer. A former member of the Knesset and leader in the center-left political camp, Livni is a former foreign minister, vice prime minister, minister of justice, and leader of the opposition. She is known by some for her efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.[2]
Widely considered the most powerful woman in Israel since Golda Meir,[3][2] Livni has served in eight different cabinet positions throughout her career, setting the record for most government roles held by an Israeli woman.[4] She has been the first female Israeli vice prime minister, justice minister, agriculture minister, and housing minister. Born to a prominent right-wing, revisionist Zionist family, Livni has become one of Israel's leading voices in support of a two-state solution—one that ensures Israel's security and identity as a Jewish and democratic state.[5][6] Among her supporters in Israel and in international media, Livni was given the nickname "Mrs. Clean" for her image as an "honest politician."[7][8][9][10][11][12]
From 2001 to 2009, Livni served in the cabinets of Ariel Sharon and Ehud Olmert, most notably as foreign minister, during which time she led multiple rounds of peace talks with the Palestinians. In September 2008, Livni prepared to take office as prime minister, but the political climate in the country prevented her from forming a government. The following year, she led her party to win a plurality of seats in the Knesset, but was again blocked from becoming prime minister, due to the rightist parties' majority in the Knesset. Consequently, she served as leader of the opposition from 2009, until her resignation from the Knesset in 2012.[13]
Later that year, Livni founded a new party, Hatnuah,[14] to compete in the 2013 elections, after which she was appointed Justice Minister in the Thirty-third government of Israel, again leading a new round of Israeli–Palestinian peace talks. In December 2014, a number of policy disputes within the government led Benjamin Netanyahu to dismiss Livni from his cabinet and call new elections. In the 2015 election, Livni joined forces with Labor Party leader Isaac Herzog to create the Zionist Union, a unified bloc of their two parties. In January 2019 Avi Gabay announced that Labor would not run with Hatnuah in the April 2019 Israeli legislative election. On 18 February 2019, following several weeks of poor poll results, Livni announced her retirement from politics as well as Hatnuah's withdrawal from the election.[15]
Tzipi Livni has served as a minister of eight different cabinet ministries under three prime ministers: Ariel Sharon, Ehud Olmert, and Benjamin Netanyahu. Her positions have included Justice Minister, Foreign Minister and Vice-Prime Minister. She has also been the official leader of the opposition. As foreign minister, Tzipi Livni led negotiations with the Palestinian Authority, she was a key government figure during Israel's disengagement from Gaza and during Hamas's subsequent takeover of Gaza. She was foreign minister during Israel's Second Lebanon War and during Israel's operation to take out Syria's nuclear reactor. She began her service as a member of the Likud Party, and then the Kadima Party, and later the Hatnua Party and Zionist Union. Earlier in her career, Tzipi served in the Mossad (including in the elite unit famous for being responsible for the assassinations following the Munich massacre). No major Israeli political figure has had more recent experience trying to negotiate a two-state solution than Tzipi Livni.
Knesset
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