Back وكالة إنفاذ قوانين الهجرة والجمارك بالولايات المتحدة Arabic Amerika Birləşmiş Ştatları İmmiqrasiya və Gömrük Mühafizəsi Azerbaijani United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement German Servicio de Control de Inmigración y Aduanas Spanish Immigrazio eta Aduanen Taldea Basque اداره مهاجرت و گمرک ایالات متحده آمریکا Persian United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement French אכיפת מכס והגירה (ארצות הברית) HE Penegakan Imigrasi dan Bea Cukai A.S. ID United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Italian
| U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement | |
|---|---|
 ICE logo | |
 HSI Special Agent badge | |
 ERO Officer badge | |
| Motto | "Protecting National Security and Upholding Public Safety" HSI's motto: Honor, Service, Integrity |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | March 1, 2003 |
| Preceding agency |
|
| Employees | 20,000+ (2016) |
| Annual budget | $7.6 billion (FY 2018)[1] |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| Operations jurisdiction | United States |
| Specialist jurisdictions |
|
| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | 500 12th Street SW Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Agency executives |
|
| Parent agency | United States Department of Homeland Security |
| Website | |
| ice.gov | |
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE; /aɪs/) is a federal law enforcement agency under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. ICE's stated mission is to protect the United States from cross-border crime and undocumented immigration that threaten national security and public safety.[3][4]
The ICE mission is executed through the enforcement of more than 400 federal statutes and focuses on customs violations, immigration enforcement, preventing terrorism and combating the illegal movement of people and goods.[5][6] ICE has two primary and distinct law enforcement components, Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) and Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO), in addition to three supporting divisions: Management & Program Administration, Office of Principal Legal Advisor (OPLA) and Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR).[7]
Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO), which primarily deals with the deportation and removal of undocumented immigrants, is among the most public and contentious function of ICE. ERO maintains the custodial facilities used to detain people that are illegally present in the United States. In interior offices, ERO officers primarily conduct targeted enforcement operations to apprehend immigrants engaged in serious criminal activity. For example, in fiscal year 2020, 90% of those immigrants apprehended by ERO had criminal convictions or pending charges at the time of their administrative arrest. This FY 2020 arrest statistic includes 1,800 homicide related offenses, 1,600 kidnappings, 3,800 robberies, 37,000 assaults, and 10,000 sex crimes.[8] At border offices, ERO officers receive and detain undocumented immigrants apprehended by the United States Border Patrol. Undocumented immigrants apprehended at the border have significantly lower levels of criminal history than those arrested by ERO in the interior of the United States.[9]
ICE maintains domestic offices throughout the United States and detachments at major U.S. diplomatic missions overseas. ICE personnel (special agents and officers) do not patrol American borders; rather, that role is performed by the Border Patrol.[10][11][12] ERO and HSI operate as two independent law enforcement agencies and have completely separate mission statements. HSI is focused on the disruption of transnational crime, where as ERO is responsible for the apprehension, detention and removal of undocumented immigrants.[13]
The acting director is Patrick Lechleitner.[2] The agency has not had a Senate-confirmed director since Sarah Saldaña stepped down on January 20, 2017.[14]
- ^ Cristobal Ramón, Interior Enforcement Under the Trump Administration by The Numbers: Part One, Removals, Bipartisan Policy Project (June 19, 2019).
- ^ a b c "ICE Leadership". U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ "What We Do". U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Archived from the original on June 4, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2019.
- ^ "Enforcement and Removal Operations". U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved July 14, 2019.
- ^ "What We Do". U.S. Immigration and Customs and Enforcement. Archived from the original on June 4, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2018.
- ^ "Enforcement and Removal Operations". U.S. Immigration and Customs and Enforcement. Retrieved April 9, 2019.
- ^ "Who We Are". U.S. Immigration and Customs and Enforcement. Retrieved November 24, 2021.
- ^ "ERO FY 2020 Achievements". U.S. Immigration and Customs and Enforcement. October 29, 2021. Retrieved November 24, 2021.
- ^ Gramlich, John (March 2, 2020). "How border apprehensions, ICE arrests and deportations have changed under Trump". Pew Research Center. Retrieved November 25, 2021.
- ^ Nixon, Ron; Qiu, Linda (July 3, 2018). "What Is ICE and Why Do Critics Want to Abolish It?". The New York Times. Retrieved July 5, 2018.
- ^ "Calls to Abolish ICE Not 'Open Borders'". FactCheck.org. Annenberg Public Policy Center. July 3, 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018.
- ^ Folley, Aris (June 29, 2018). "ICE chief to protesters: We're not the ones separating families". Retrieved July 5, 2018.
- ^ "ICE". U.S. Immigration and Customs and Enforcement. Retrieved November 25, 2021.
- ^ Kanno-Youngs, Zolan; Tackett, Michael (May 5, 2019). "Trump Names Mark Morgan, Former Head of Border Patrol, to Lead ICE". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 6, 2019.