Vesicouterine fistula | |
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Other names | Youssef syndrome[1] Menouria |
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Specialty | Urogynaecology |
Causes | Lower segment caesarean section |
Differential diagnosis | Endometriosis |
Vesicouterine fistula refers to an abnormal communication between the bladder and uterus. The first case of vesicouterine fistula was reported in 1908.[2] It was however first described in 1957 by Abdel Fattah Youssef, an obstetrician and gynaecologist in Kasr el-Aini hospital, Cairo, Egypt. It is characterized by a vesicouterine fistula above the level of the internal os, absence of menstrual bleeding, cyclical presence of blood in urine and absence of urinary incontinence with a patent cervical canal following a lower segment caesarean section.[1][3] Six of such cases had been reported by other clinicians before the term Menouria was coined by Youssef.[3]