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Workplace politics

Workplace politics is the process and behavior that in human interactions involves power and authority.[1][better source needed] It is also a tool to assess the operational capacity and to balance diverse views of interested parties.[citation needed] It is also known as office politics and organizational politics. It involves the use of power and social networking within a workplace to achieve changes that benefit the individuals within it.[citation needed] "Organizational politics are self-serving behaviors" that "employees use to increase the probability of obtaining positive outcomes in organizations".[2] Influence by individuals may serve personal interests without regard to their effect on the organization itself.[3] Some of the personal advantages may include:

  • access to tangible assets
  • or intangible benefits such as status
  • pseudo-authority that influences the behavior of others

Positive politics are behaviors that are designed to influence others with the goal of helping both the organization and the person playing the politics.[4] Examples of positive politics include portraying a professional image, publicizing one's accomplishments,[clarification needed] volunteering, and complimenting others.[5] On the other hand, organizational politics can increase efficiency,[citation needed] form interpersonal relationships, expedite change, and profit the organization and its members simultaneously.[citation needed] Both individuals and groups may engage in office politics[6] which can be highly destructive, as people focus on personal gains at the expense of the organization. "Self-serving political actions can negatively influence our social groupings, cooperation, information sharing, and many other organizational functions."[7] Thus it is vital to pay attention to organizational politics and create the right political landscape.[citation needed] Negative politics are designed to achieve personal gain at the expense of others and the organization.[8] Examples of negative politics are spreading rumors, talking behind someone’s back, and not telling someone important information.[9] "Politics is the lubricant that oils your organization's internal gears."[10] John Eldred has characterized politics as "simply how power gets worked out on a practical, day-to-day basis."[11]

Psychologist Oliver James identifies the dark triadic personality traits (psychopathy, narcissism and Machiavellianism) as of central significance in understanding office politics.[12]

  1. ^ Musa, Dr. Sam. "Tip Sheet for Leaders on Politics". Organizational politics and leadership are deeply linked. [...] Organizational politics, on the other hand, is the process and behavior in human interactions involving power and authority. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ Aamodt, Michael (2015). Industrial/Organizational Psychology: An applied approach (8th ed.). Boston: Cengage Learning. p. 549. ISBN 9781305465282. Organizational politics are self-serving behaviors employees use to increase the probability of obtaining positive outcomes in organizations.
  3. ^ "Organizational Politics". WebFinance, Inc. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
  4. ^ Aamodt, Michael (2015). Industrial/Organizational Psychology: An applied approach (8th ed.). Boston: Cengage Learning. p. 549. ISBN 9781305465282. Positive politics are behaviors designed to influence others with the goal of helping both the organization and the person playing the politics.
  5. ^ Aamodt, Michael (2015). Industrial/Organizational Psychology (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 549. ISBN 9781305465282. Examples of positive politics include portraying a professional image, publicizing one's accomplishments, volunteering, and complimenting others.
  6. ^ Marilyn Haight, Office Politics, BigBadBoss.com
  7. ^ Larsen, James. "Business Psychology - Latest Findings". Supervision Findings. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
  8. ^ Aamodt, Michael (2015). Industrial/Organizational Psychology (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 549. ISBN 9781305465282. Negative politics are manipulative behaviors designed to achieve personal gain at the expense of others and the organization [...].
  9. ^ Aamodt, Michael (2015). Industrial/Organizational Psychology (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN 9781305465282. Examples of negative politics include backstabbing, withholding important information from others, and spreading rumors.
  10. ^ Bolander, Jarie (28 February 2011). "How to Deal with Organizational Politics". The Daily MBA. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
  11. ^ Compare: Lebarre, Polly (September 1999). "The New Face of Office Politics". Fast Company.com. Mansueto Ventures, LLC. 'Politics is simply how power gets worked out on a practical, day-to-day basis,' says John Eldred, 56, a teacher and a consultant.
  12. ^ James, Oliver (2013). Office Politics: How to Thrive in a World of Lying, Backstabbing and Dirty Tricks.
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