Zhang Xianzhong 張獻忠 | |||||||||||||||||
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Emperor of the Xi dynasty | |||||||||||||||||
Reign | 1644–1647 | ||||||||||||||||
Born | 18 September 1606 | ||||||||||||||||
Died | 2 January 1647 | (aged 40)||||||||||||||||
Spouse | Lady Chen (daughter of Chen Yan) | ||||||||||||||||
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Dynasty | Xi | ||||||||||||||||
Seal[note 1] | ![]() |
Zhang Xianzhong | |||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 張獻忠 | ||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 张献忠 | ||||||||
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Zhang Xianzhong (張獻忠 or Chang Hsien-chung; 18 September 1606 – 2 January 1647), courtesy name Bingwu (秉吾), art name Jingxuan (敬軒), was a Chinese peasant leader who led a peasant rebellion from Yan'an wei, Shaanxi (today Yulin, Shaanxi province) during the Ming-Qing transition. He conquered Sichuan in 1644, and named himself king and later emperor[2] of the Xi dynasty. His rule in Sichuan was brief, and he was killed by the invading Qing army. He is commonly associated with the massacres in Sichuan that depopulated the region.[3][4] However, the extent of his killings is disputed.[5]
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