Back Zhanran French Zhànrán Italian 湛然 Japanese Zhànrán NB Jingxi Zhanran Polish Чжаньжань Russian 荊溪湛然 Chinese
Zhanran (Chinese: 湛然; pinyin: Zhànrán; Wade–Giles: Chan-jan; 711-782), Jingxi Zhanran, sometimes called Miao-le[1] (or Miaolo) was the sixth patriarch of the Tiantai school of Chinese Buddhism and helped to revive the school's proéminence after a period of decline.[2] His lay surname was Qi 戚 and he was also known as Jingqi 荊溪 after his birthplace (in modern-day Yixing 宜興 county, Jiangsu province). Early in his monastic training, traditional biographies stated that he thoroughly studied the Vinaya in Four Parts before being ordained by precepts master T'an-i (曇一, 692-771).
As head of the Tiantai order, Zhanran spent much time and energy writing commentaries on the works of Zhiyi, and writing defenses of the Tiantai school against the newer Faxiang and Huayan schools.[2] Zhanran is best known for his scriptural exegesis of such works as Zhiyi's Mohe Zhiguan (The Great Calming and Contemplation), as well as his promotion of the doctrine of universal Buddha-nature. He is the author of The Adamantine Scalpel (金剛錍 Jin'gang Pi) among other works.
- ^ Buswell, Robert E., ed. (2014). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. pp. 391–392. ISBN 9781400848058.
- ^ a b Groner, Paul (2000). Saicho : The Establishment of the Japanese Tendai School. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 228–229. ISBN 0824823710.