Satelita foto de homa senarbarigo pliiĝanta en la projekto Tierras Bajas en orienta Bolivio. Foto cedita de NASA.Elverŝado de poluita akvo.Solidaj poluaĵoj.
La termino antropogena difinas efikon aŭ objekton rezultan el la homa agado. La termino estis por la unua fojo uzata en la teknika senco fare de la rusa geologo Aleksej Pavlov, kaj poste uzata en angla de la brita ekologo Arthur Tansley reference al la homaj influoj sur la pintaj plantokomunumoj.[16] La priatmosfera sciencisto Paul Crutzen enkondukis la terminon "antropocena" meze de la 1970-aj jaroj.[17] La termino estas foje uzata en la kunteksto de elsendoj da poluo kiuj estas produktitaj de homa agado ekde la starto de la agrikultura revolucio sed ankaŭ aplikiĝas larĝe al gravaj homaj efikoj sur la medio.[18] Multaj el la agadoj fare de homoj kiuj kontribuas al la varmigo de la medio pro la brulado de fosiliaj brulaĵoj el variaj fontoj, kiel la: elektro, aŭtoj, aviadiloj, spacvarmigo, fabrikoj aŭ detruado de arbaroj.[19]
↑ 1,01,11,21,3Climate Science Special Report - Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I, Executive Summary. U.S. Global Change Research Program. “This assessment concludes, based on extensive evidence, that it is extremely likely that human activities, especially emissions of greenhouse gases, are the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century. For the warming over the last century, there is no convincing alternative explanation supported by the extent of the observational evidence. In addition to warming, many other aspects of global climate are changing, primarily in response to human activities. Thousands of studies conducted by researchers around the world have documented changes in surface, atmospheric, and oceanic temperatures; melting glaciers; diminishing snow cover; shrinking sea ice; rising sea levels; ocean acidification; and increasing atmospheric water vapor.”.
↑Sahney, S., Benton, M.J. and Ferry, P.A. (2010). “Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land”, Biology Letters6 (4), p. 544–547. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024.
↑ (2008) Biodiversity and Conservation in Europe. Springer. ISBN 978-1402068645.
↑ (13-a de aprilo 2016) “Consensus on consensus: a synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming”, Environmental Research Letters11 (4), p. 048002. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048002. Bibkodo:2016ERL....11d8002C. “The consensus that humans are causing recent global warming is shared by 90%–100% of publishing climate scientists according to six independent studies”.
↑Increased Ocean Acidity. United States Environmental Protection Agency (30-a de augusto 2016). Alirita 23a de novembro 2017. “Carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere whenever people burn fossil fuels. Oceans play an important role in keeping the Earth's carbon cycle in balance. As the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere rises, the oceans absorb a lot of it. In the ocean, carbon dioxide reacts with seawater to form carbonic acid. This causes the acidity of seawater to increase.”.
↑Leakey, Richard kaj Roger Lewin, 1996, The Sixth Extinction : Patterns of Life and the Future of Humankind, Anchor, (ISBN 0-385-46809-1)
↑ (23-a de majo 2017) “Biological annihilation via the ongoing sixth mass extinction signaled by vertebrate population losses and declines”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America114 (30), p. E6089–E6096. doi:10.1073/pnas.1704949114.
↑New Climate Risk Classification Created to Account for Potential "Existential" Threats. Scripps Institution of Oceanography (14a de septembro 2017). Alirita 24a de novembro 2017. “A new study evaluating models of future climate scenarios has led to the creation of the new risk categories “catastrophic” and “unknown” to characterize the range of threats posed by rapid global warming. Researchers propose that unknown risks imply existential threats to the survival of humanity.”.
↑Bampton, M. (1999) "Anthropogenic Transformation" en Encyclopedia of Environmental Science, D. E. Alexander kaj R. W. Fairbridge (eld.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Nederlando, (ISBN 0412740508).
↑Crutzen, Paul kaj Eugene F. Stoermer. "The 'Anthropocene'" in International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme Newsletter. 41 (Majo 2000): 17–18
↑ (2018-10-02) “Climate change caused by human activities is happening and it already has major consequences”, Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law (en) 36 (4), p. 463–481. doi:10.1080/02646811.2018.1450895.