Adamawa

Najeriya

Jihar Adamawa (Fula: Leydi Adamawa) Jiha ce da ke a shiyyar Arewa Maso Gabashin na shiyyar Najeriya, Gombe ta yi iyaka da Borno daga Arewa maso yamma, Gombe zuwa yamma. a yayin da ta hada iyaka da kasar Kamaru daga Gabas. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga tarihinta na Masarautar Adamawa, tare da tsohon babban birnin masarautar watau Yola wanda take matsayin babban birnin Jihar Adamawa a yau. Jihar ta kasance daga cikin mafi rabe-rabe tare da harsuna na asalin garin daban daban fiye da guda 100. An kafa Jihar a shekarar 1991, a sa'annin da aka raba tsohuwar Jihar Gongola don samar da Jihar Adamawa da Taraba.^[1]

A cikin jihohi guda 36, na Najeriya, Jihar Adamawa ta fi kowacce girma ta fuskar fadin kasa, amma ita ce ta 13, a jerin jihohi masu karancin yawan jama'a tare da kimanin mutum miliyan 4.25, dangane da kiyasin shekara ta 2016.^[2] Dangane da yanayin kasa, Jihar ta kunshi tuddai da tsaunuka (kamarsu Atlantika, Mandara, da kuma tudun Shebshi) da kuma tsaunin Adamawa Plateau tare da kogi zagaye da tsaunukan.

Jihar da ake kira da Adamawa a yau ta kasance gida ga yaruka daban daban kamar su Bwatiye (Bachama), Bali, Bata (Gbwata), Gudu, Mbula-Bwazza, da kuma Nungurab (Lunguda) daga yankin tsakiyar garin; harshen Kamwe daga tsakiyar da arewacin garin; yaren Jibu daga can kudancin garin; harshen Kilba, Marghi, Waga, da Wula daga arewa; sai kuma Mumuye daga arewa; da kuma Fulani daga kowannne sashi na garin mafi akasari a matsayin makiyaya. Akwai rabe-raben addini a jihar Adamawa inda musulmai mabiya sunnah suke da kaso 55% na yawan mutanen jihar, kaso 30% kiristoci (yawancinsu mabiya kiristanci na Lutheran, EYN, ECWA, da Pentecostal), inda sauran kashi 15% na mutanen jihar suna riko ga addinan gargajiya.^[3][4]

Daga farkon karni na 1800, Mayakan Fulani na musulunci sun mamaye yankin jihar Adamawa ta yau inda suka kafa Masarautar Adamawa a karkashin Halifancin Sokoto. Shekaru 90, bayan haka, dakaru daga Daular Kasar Jamus da Burtaniya sun ci Masarautar Adamawa da yaki, inda suka rarraba yankin a tsakaninsu. An hade sashin da Turawa suke mulka (wacce ta mamaye yammacin Jihar Adamawa a yau) a cikin yankin mulkin mallaka na Turai, kafin ta samu 'yancin kai kuma ta zamo Najeriya a shekarar 1960. Inda sashin da Jamus ke mulka ta zamo German Kamerun kafin sojojin hadin kai farmaki kuma suka mamaye Kamerun a lokacin gwagwarmayar Kamaru (Kamerun campaign) a lokacin Yakin Duniya na daya. Bayan yakin, yankin gabashin Adamawa ya kasance daga cikin yankin arewacin Kamaru a karkashin mulkin Turawan Kamaru har zuwa 1961, a lokacin da yarjejeniya ta hade yankin da Najeriya. Tun asali, yankin Jihar Adamawa ta kasance daga cikin Yankin Arewa bayan samun 'yanci, har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da aka tsaga yankin kuma ta zamo daga cikin yankin Jihar Arewa ta Gabas. Bayan an raba Jihar Arewa ta Gabas a shekarar 1976, an samar da Jihar Gongola a ranar 3, ga watan Fabrairun 1976, tare da sauran sabbin jihohi 10. Shekaru 15, bayan an mayar da yankin jiha, an raba Gongola, yayinda kudancin jihar ta zamo Taraba, arewacin jihar kuma ta zamo Jihar Adamawa.

A matsayinta na jiha da ta dogara a kan noma, tattalin arzikin Jihar Adamawa sun ta'allaka ne a kan noma da kiwo, kamar noman Auduga, Gyada, dawa, Rogo, Gero da doya. Shekaru da dama bayan rikicin Boko Haram, ya kawo cikas ga ci gaba a jihar.^[5] Adamawa tana ta goma a fuskar ci gaban al'umma, amma tun da rikici ya fara a shekara ta 2016, an sake tsarin ci gaban.^[6][7][8]

1. ↑ "This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. October 24, 2017. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
2. ↑ "Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
3. ↑ "Roelofs, Portia (November 2017). "Civil Society, Religion and the State: Mapping of Borno and Adamawa" (PDF). Abuja: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit. Retrieved January 18,2022.
4. ↑ Nwankwo, Cletus Famous (March 27, 2019). "Religion and Voter Choice Homogeneity in the Nigerian Presidential Elections of the Fourth Republic". Statistics, Politics and Policy. 10: 1–25. doi:10.1515/spp-2018-0010. S2CID 159290972. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
5. ↑ "Nigeria declares 'massive' military campaign on borders". BBC News. May 15, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
6. ↑ "Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
7. ↑ "Celebrating the Return of Peace in Nigeria's Adamawa State". USAID. July 12, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
8. ↑ https://www.britannica.com/place/Adamawa-state-Nigeria