Kundin Tsarin Mulki

kundin tsarin mulki
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	statute (en) , sources of law (en) , authorizing legislation (en) , Constitutional document (en) da structure
Karatun ta	constitutional history (en)

Kundin tsarin mulki shine jimillar ka'idodi na asali ko kafaffen abubuwan da suka zama tushen doka na wata hukuma, gungiya ko wani nau'in mahalli kuma galibi suna da ƙayyadaddun yadda za'a gudanar da wannan ƙungiya.^[1]

Lokacin da aka rubuta wadannan ka'idodin cikin takarda daya ko saitin takaddun doka, ana iya cewa wadannan takaddun sun gunshi rubutaccen tsarin mulki; idan an hada su a cikin cikakken takarda guda daya, an ce ya gunshi kundin tsarin mulki. Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Burtaniya babban misali ne na kundin tsarin mulkin da ba a canza shi ba; A maimakon haka an rubuta shi a cikin muhimman Ayyukan majalisa, shari'o'in kotu ko yarjejeniyoyin.^[2]

Kundin tsarin mulki ya shafi matakai daban-daban na kungiyoyi, daga kasashe masu iko zuwa kamfanoni da gungiyoyin da ba su da hadin gwiwa. Yarjejeniyar da ta kafa kungiya ta duniya ita ma kundin tsarin mulkinta ce, ta yadda za ta ayyana yadda kungiyar ta kasance. A cikin jihohi, tsarin mulki yana bayyana ka'idodin da ƙasa ta dogara da su, tsarin da aka kafa dokoki da kuma ta wa. Wasu kundin tsarin mulki, musamman na kundin tsarin mulki, suma suna aiki ne a matsayin masu takaita ikon gwamnati, ta hanyar kafa layukan da masu mulkin jaha ba za su iya ketare su ba, kamar hakkoki na asali.

Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Indiya shine mafi dadewa rubutaccen tsarin mulki na kowace kasa a duniya, yana da kalmomi 146,385 a cikin harshen Ingilishi, yayin da Tsarin Mulkin Monaco shine mafi guntu rubutaccen tsarin mulki tare da kalmomi 3,814.^[3] Kundin Tsarin Mulki na San Marino na iya zama kundin tsarin mulkin da aka rubuta mafi tsufa a duniya, tunda wasu muhimman takaddunsa suna aiki tun 1600, yayin da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka shine mafi tsufa tsarin aiki. Tsawon rayuwar tarihi na kundin tsarin mulki tun 1789 kusan shekaru 19 ne.^[4]

1. ↑ The New Oxford American Dictionary, Second Edn., Erin McKean (editor), 2051 pp., 2005, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-517077-6.
2. ↑ R (HS2 Action Alliance Ltd) v Secretary of State for Transport [2014] UKSC 3 Archived March 5, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, [207]
3. ↑ "Monaco 1962 (rev. 2002)". www.constituteproject.org. Retrieved June 5, 2016.
4. ↑ Elkins, Zachary; Ginsburg, Tom; Melton, James (2009), "Conceptualizing Constitutions", The Endurance of National Constitutions, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 36–64, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511817595.004, ISBN 978-0-511-81759-5