Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Persia

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Selamat datang! Halaman ini memberikan bantuan mengenai hal yang sering ditanyakan di Wikipedia. Untuk memulai, silakan mengeklik pranala yang Anda butuhkan di bawah ini, atau gunakan fitur pencari yang tersedia.

Pengucapan kosa kata bahasa Inggris di Wikipedia disalurkan dengan Alfabet Fonetis Internasional (IPA) memakai transkripsi berikut, yang tidak spesifik pada satu dialek apapun. Untuk pengenalan dasar IPA, lihat Wikipedia:IPA/Pengenalan. Jika Anda merasa perlu menambahkan pengejaan pengucapan, gunakan konvensi kunci pengejaan pengucapan Wikipedia. Untuk kunci IPA yang lebih lengkap, lihat Wikipedia:IPA, yang dilengkapi suara yang tidak muncul dalam bahasa Inggris. Jika simbol IPA tidak tertampil dengan baik pada peramban Anda, lihat pranala di bawah halaman.

Tabel di bawah ini menunjukkan bahasa Persia dalam simbol-simbol IPA. Lihat Fonologi bahasa Persia untuk lebih dalam mengenai bunyi dalam bahasa Persia.

Konsonan^[1]
IPA	Huruf	Contoh	Contoh dalam bahasa Indonesia
b	ب	برادر	benda^[2]
d	د	د‫وست‬	dendang
dʒ	ج	جوان	jasa
f	ف	فشار	fatal
ɡ	گ	گروه	gerbang^[3]
ɣ^[4]	غ ^[5] ق	باغ	mirip seperti pengucapan akhir, namun dengan pita suara bergetar
ɢ	غ ^[5] ق	قلم	Mirip seperti pengucapan kucing, namun diucapkan ditekak serta pita suara bergetar
h	ه ح	هفت	hati
j	ی	یا	yakin
k	ک	کشور	kucing^[6]
l	ل	لب	lapis
m	م	مادر	manusia^[7]
n	ن	نان	nasi
p	‫پ‬	‫پدر‬	pena^[6]
ɾ	ر	ایران	mirip seperti pengucapan rasa, namun konsonan r nya hanya digulung satu kali/ditekan^[8]
s	س ص ث	سایه	suka
ʃ	‫ش‬	‫شاه‬	syukur
t	ت ط	تا	tali^[6]
tʃ	چ	چوب	cabai^[6]
v	و	ویژه	oven^[9]^[10]
x	خ	خانه	khatam
z	ز ذ ض ظ	آزاد	zakat^[11]
ʒ	ژ	ژاله	mirip seperti pengucapan syukur, namun dengan pita suara bergetar^[12]
ʔ	ع ء	معنا	tak
Konsonan marginal
ŋ	نگ	رنگ	siang^[13]
Penekanan
ˈ ^[14]		ایران [iˈɾɒːn]	pagi [əˈɡeɪn]

Vokal
IPA	Huruf	Contoh	Contoh dalam bahasa Indonesia
Monophthongs
æ	َ ا ‎^[15]	نه	mirip seperti pengucapan hurteh, namun dengan posisi lidah agak menjauh dari atap mulut, seperti saat mengucapkan kata anak
ɒː	ا	تا	mirip seperti pengucapan pohon, namun dengan posisi lidah agak menjauh dari atap mulut, seperti saat mengucapkan akan, serta dengan durasi yang agak panjang
e^[16]	ِ ا ‎^[15]	که	enak^[17]
iː	ی	کی	mirip seperti pengucapan tadi, namun dengan durasi yang agak panjang
o	ا ُ و ‎^[15]	تو	orang^[18]
uː	و	تو	mirip seperti pengucapan suka, namun dengan durasi yang agak panjang
Diphthongs
ei	ی	کی	geiser
ou^[19]	و	نو	kau

^ Konsonan bahasa Persia dapat dipanjangkan, terutama pada kata-kata dari bahasa Arab. Dalam Ipa diwakilkan dengan menggandakan simbol konsonan, seperti: [sejjed].
^ Juga sebuah alofon dari /p/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.
^ Juga sebuah alofon dari /k/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.
^ Juga sebuah alofon dari /x/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.
^ غ dan ق menyatakan fonem dalam bahasa Persia Klasik yang berasal dari bahasa Arab, the voiced velar fricative [ɣ] and the voiceless uvular stop [q] (pronounced in Persian as voiced uvular stop [ɢ]), respectively. In modern Tehrani Persian (both colloquial and standard dialects), the phonemes of غ and ق are allophones; when /ɣ/ (spelled either غ or ق) occurs at the beginning and the end of a word, post-consonantal position, and syllable-final position, it is realized as a voiced uvular plosive [ɢ], when /ɢ/ (also spelled either غ or ق) occurs intervocalically, it is realized as a voiced velar fricative [ɣ]; the allophone is probably influenced by Turkic languages like Azeri and Turkmen. The sounds remain distinct in Persian dialects of southern Iran and Eastern Persian dialects (Dari and Tajik).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d The unvoiced stops /p, t, tʃ, k/ are aspirated much like their English counterparts: they become aspirated when they begin a syllable, though aspiration is not contrastive.
^ Juga sebuah alofon dari /n/ sebelum konsonan dwibibirs.
^ A trilled allophone [r] occurs word-initially (Spanish/Italian/Russian R); trill [r] as a separate phoneme occurs word-medially especially in loanwords of Arabic origin as a result of gemination of [ɾ].
^ While و is pronounced [v] in Iranian Persian, it is pronounced as [w] in Dari.
^ [v] is also an allophone of [f] before voiced consonants.
^ Juga sebuah alofon dari /s/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.
^ Juga sebuah alofon dari /ʃ/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.
^ Velar nasal [ŋ] is an allophone of /n/ before [g], [k], [ɣ], [ɢ], and [x] in native vocabulary.
^ Stress falls on the last stem syllable of most words. For the various exception and other clarifications, see Persian phonology#Stress
^ ^a ^b ^c In the modern Persian script, the "short" vowels /æ/, /e/, /o/ are usually not written as is done in the Arabic alphabet; only the long vowels /ɒː/, /iː/, /uː/ are represented in the text. This, of course, creates certain ambiguities.
^ [e] is also an allophone of /æ/ in word-final position in contemporary Iranian Persian.
^ The Persian /e/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of bate (for most English dialects) and the vowel of bet; the Persian vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.
^ The Persian /o/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of boat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of raw; the Persian vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.
^ /ou/ becomes [o] in colloquial Tehrani dialect but is preserved in other Western dialects and standard Eastern Persian.

[1] Konsonan bahasa Persia dapat dipanjangkan, terutama pada kata-kata dari bahasa Arab. Dalam Ipa diwakilkan dengan menggandakan simbol konsonan, seperti: [sejjed].

[2] Juga sebuah alofon dari /p/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.

[3] Juga sebuah alofon dari /k/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.

[4] Juga sebuah alofon dari /x/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.

[q-5] غ dan ق menyatakan fonem dalam bahasa Persia Klasik yang berasal dari bahasa Arab, the voiced velar fricative [ɣ] and the voiceless uvular stop [q] (pronounced in Persian as voiced uvular stop [ɢ]), respectively. In modern Tehrani Persian (both colloquial and standard dialects), the phonemes of غ and ق are allophones; when /ɣ/ (spelled either غ or ق) occurs at the beginning and the end of a word, post-consonantal position, and syllable-final position, it is realized as a voiced uvular plosive [ɢ], when /ɢ/ (also spelled either غ or ق) occurs intervocalically, it is realized as a voiced velar fricative [ɣ]; the allophone is probably influenced by Turkic languages like Azeri and Turkmen. The sounds remain distinct in Persian dialects of southern Iran and Eastern Persian dialects (Dari and Tajik).

[pt-6] The unvoiced stops /p, t, tʃ, k/ are aspirated much like their English counterparts: they become aspirated when they begin a syllable, though aspiration is not contrastive.

[7] Juga sebuah alofon dari /n/ sebelum konsonan dwibibirs.

[8] A trilled allophone [r] occurs word-initially (Spanish/Italian/Russian R); trill [r] as a separate phoneme occurs word-medially especially in loanwords of Arabic origin as a result of gemination of [ɾ].

[9] While و is pronounced [v] in Iranian Persian, it is pronounced as [w] in Dari.

[10] [v] is also an allophone of [f] before voiced consonants.

[11] Juga sebuah alofon dari /s/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.

[12] Juga sebuah alofon dari /ʃ/ sebelum konsonan bersuara.

[13] Velar nasal [ŋ] is an allophone of /n/ before [g], [k], [ɣ], [ɢ], and [x] in native vocabulary.

[14] Stress falls on the last stem syllable of most words. For the various exception and other clarifications, see Persian phonology#Stress

[short-15] In the modern Persian script, the "short" vowels /æ/, /e/, /o/ are usually not written as is done in the Arabic alphabet; only the long vowels /ɒː/, /iː/, /uː/ are represented in the text. This, of course, creates certain ambiguities.

[16] [e] is also an allophone of /æ/ in word-final position in contemporary Iranian Persian.

[17] The Persian /e/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of bate (for most English dialects) and the vowel of bet; the Persian vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.

[18] The Persian /o/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of boat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of raw; the Persian vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.

[19] /ou/ becomes [o] in colloquial Tehrani dialect but is preserved in other Western dialects and standard Eastern Persian.

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Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Persia

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