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| James VI and I | |
|---|---|
 James VI dari Scotland pada tahun 1587–1613, oleh Paulus van Somer (1576–1621) | |
| Raja Scotland (more...) | |
| Pemerintahan | 24 Julai, 1567 – 27 Mac, 1625 (57 tahun, 246 hari) |
| Kemahkotaan | 29 Julai, 1567 |
| Didahului oleh | Mary I |
| Diikuti oleh | Charles I |
| Pemangku raja | James Stewart, Earl Moray Matthew Stewart, Earl Lennox John Erskine, Earl Mar James Douglas, Earl Morton |
| Raja England dan Ireland (more...) | |
| Pemerintahan | 24 Mac, 1603 – 27 Mac, 1625 (22 tahun, 3 hari) |
| Kemahkotaan | 25 Julai, 1603 |
| Didahului oleh | Elizabeth I |
| Diikuti oleh | Charles I |
| Raja permaisuri | Anne dari Denmark |
| Anakanda antara lain... | Henry Frederick, Putera Wales Elizabeth, Ratu Bohemia Charles I dari England Robert Stuart, Duke Kintyre |
| Kerabat | Kerabat Stuart |
| Ayahanda | Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley |
| Bonda | Mary I dari Scotland |
James VI & I (19 Jun, 1566 – 27 Mac, 1625) adalah Raja Scotland sebagai James VI bermula pada tahun 1567 hingga 1625, dan Raja England dan Ireland sebagai James I bermula pada 1603 hingga 1625.
Beliau menjadi Raja Scotland sebagai James VI pada 24 Julai, 1567, semasa beliau berumur 13 bulan, mengantikan ibu beliau Mary, Ratu Scotland. Pemangku raja memerintah semasa beliau kecil, yang mana tamat secara rasminya pada tahun 1578, meskipun beliau tidak mendapat kuasa sepenuhnya ke atas kerajaan beliau sehingga tahun 1581.[1] Pada 24 Mac, 1603, sebagai James I, beliau mengantikan raja England dan Ireland terakhir dari Dinasti Tudor, Elizabeth I, yang mangkat tanpa waris.[2] Beliau kemudian memerintah Kerajaan England, Scotland, dan Ireland selama 22 tahun, sering menggunakan gelaran Raja Great Britain, sehingga kematian beliau pada umur 58 tahun.[3]
Di bawah pemerintahan James, "Zaman Keemasan" sastera dan drama dari era Elizabeth diteruskan, dengan para penulis seperti William Shakespeare, John Donne, Ben Jonson, dan Sir Francis Bacon memberi sumbangan budaya kesasteraan yang maju.[4] James juga merupakan seorang sarjanawan yang berbakat, dan merupakan penulis bagi kerja-kerja seperti Daemonologie (1597),[5] True Law of Free Monarchies (1598),[6] and Basilikon Doron (1599).[7] Sir Anthony Weldon mendakwa bahawa James disebut sebagai "si si bodoh dalam Dunia Kristian", satu gelaran berkaitan dengan perwatakan beliau sejak itu.[8]
- ^ Stewart, p 47; Croft, p 16; Willson, pp 29–31.
- ^ By the normal rules of succession James did have the best claim to the English throne, as the great-great-grandson of Henry VII. However, Henry VIII's will had passed over the Scottish line of his sister Margaret in favour of that of their younger sister Mary Tudor. In the event, Henry's will was disregarded. Stewart, pp 159–161; Willson, pp 138–141.
- ^ After the Union of the Crowns James was the first to style himself "King of Great Britain", but the title was rejected by both the English Parliament and the Parliament of Scotland, and its legal basis was open to question. Croft, p 67; Willson, pp 249–52. See also: the early history of the Union Flag.
- ^ Milling, p 155.
- ^ James I, king of England (1597). "[[Daemonologie]], in forme of a dialogue". at Folger Shakespeare Library web site. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2007-09-26. Dicapai pada 2007-05-12. URL–wikilink conflict (bantuan)
- ^ "text". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2008-09-17. Dicapai pada 2010-01-31.
- ^ "James VI and I was the most writerly of British monarchs. He produced original poetry, as well as translation and a treatise on poetics; works on witchcraft and tobacco; meditations and commentaries on the Scriptures; a manual on kingship; works of political theory; and, of course, speeches to parliament...He was the patron of Shakespeare, Jonson, Donne, and the translators of the "Authorized version" of the Bible, surely the greatest concentration of literary talent ever to enjoy royal sponsorship in England." Rhodes et al., p 1.
- ^ "A very wise man was wont to say that he believed him the wisest fool in Christendom, meaning him wise in small things, but a fool in weighty affairs." Sir Anthony Weldon (1651), The Court and Character of King James I, quoted by Stroud, p 27; "The label 'the wisest fool in Christendom', often attributed to Henry IV of France but possibly coined by Anthony Weldon, catches James’s paradoxical qualities very neatly." Smith, p 238.