Neologisme

Neologisme (daripada perkataan Yunani νέο- néo-, "baharu" dan λόγος lógos, "ucapan, pernyataan") ialah sebuah istilah, perkataan atau frasa asing yang mungkin dalam proses kegunaan umum, tetapi belum diterima sepenuhnya dalam bahasa arus perdana.^[1] Neologisme seringkali dipandu daripada perubahan dalam budaya dan teknologi.^[2]^[3] Dalam proses pembentukan bahasa, neologisme lebih kemas berbanding protologisme.^[4]

Contoh terkenal bagi neologism boleh ditemui dalam sains, cerita rekaan (terutama sains-fiksyen), filem dan televisyen, penjenamaan, kesusateraan, jargon, linguistik, seni visual dan budaya popular.

Contoh perkataan yang pernah diperkenalkan termasuklah laser (1960) dari singkatan Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (pembesaran cahaya oleh pancaran sinaran yang terangsang); robot (1941) dari pementasan karya penulis Czech, Karel Čapek berjudul R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots);^[5] dan agitprop (1930) (sebuah kata lakur dari "agitation" dan "propaganda").^[6]

Neologisme adalah disebabkan oleh beberapa sebab, antaranya kemunculan Idea baharu, perubahan konteks budaya, dan sifat bahasa yang dinamik.

^ Anderson, James M. (2006). Malmkjær, Kirsten (penyunting). The Linguistics encyclopedia (ed. Ebook). London: Routledge. m/s. 601. ISBN 0-203-43286-X.
^ McDonald, L. J. (2005). The meaning of e- : neologisms as markers of culture and technology /.
^ Forgue, Guy (1979). "American Neologisms as a Reflection of Cultural Change since 1945". Proceedings of a Symposium on American Literature: 199–211.
^ Gryniuk, D (2015). On Institutionalization and De-Institutionalization of Late 1990s Neologisms. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. m/s. 150. This process [of lexicalization] does not seem to be coincidental because neologisms themselves are prone to go through certain stages of transformation. They began as unstable creations (otherwise called prelogisms), that is, they are extremely new, being proposed, or being used only by a small subculture
^ Zunt, Dominik. "Who did actually invent the word "robot" and what does it mean?". The Karel Čapek website. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2013-01-23. Dicapai pada 2017-02-05.
^ Leshchenko, Svetlana (December 6, 2015). Modern Russian-English Dictionary. Lulu Press, Inc. m/s. 7. ISBN 978-1-329-74063-1.

[1] Anderson, James M. (2006). Malmkjær, Kirsten (penyunting). The Linguistics encyclopedia (ed. Ebook). London: Routledge. m/s. 601. ISBN 0-203-43286-X.

[2] McDonald, L. J. (2005). The meaning of e- : neologisms as markers of culture and technology /.

[3] Forgue, Guy (1979). "American Neologisms as a Reflection of Cultural Change since 1945". Proceedings of a Symposium on American Literature: 199–211.

[4] Gryniuk, D (2015). On Institutionalization and De-Institutionalization of Late 1990s Neologisms. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. m/s. 150. This process [of lexicalization] does not seem to be coincidental because neologisms themselves are prone to go through certain stages of transformation. They began as unstable creations (otherwise called prelogisms), that is, they are extremely new, being proposed, or being used only by a small subculture

[KapekWebsite-5] Zunt, Dominik. "Who did actually invent the word "robot" and what does it mean?". The Karel Čapek website. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2013-01-23. Dicapai pada 2017-02-05.

[Leshchenko2015-6] Leshchenko, Svetlana (December 6, 2015). Modern Russian-English Dictionary. Lulu Press, Inc. m/s. 7. ISBN 978-1-329-74063-1.

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Neologisme

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