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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Butane[3] | |||
Systematic IUPAC name
Tetracarbane (never recommended[3]) | |||
Other names | |||
Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol)
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Beilstein Reference | 969129 | ||
ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.136 | ||
EC Number |
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E number | E943a (glazing agents, ...) | ||
Gmelin Reference | 1148 | ||
KEGG | |||
MeSH | butane | ||
PubChem CID
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
UN number | 1011 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C4H10 | |||
Molar mass | 58.12 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
Odor | Gasoline-like or natural gas-like[1] | ||
Density | 2.48 kg/m3 (at 15 °C (59 °F)) | ||
Melting point | −140 to −134 °C; −220 to −209 °F; 133 to 139 K | ||
Boiling point | −1 to 1 °C; 30 to 34 °F; 272 to 274 K | ||
61 mg L−1 (at 20 °C (68 °F)) | |||
log P | 2.745 | ||
Vapor pressure | ~170 kPa at 283 K [4] | ||
kH | 11 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 | ||
Conjugate acid | Butanium | ||
-57.4·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−126.3–−124.9 kJ mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of combustion ΔcH |
−2.8781–−2.8769 MJ mol−1 | ||
Specific heat capacity, C | 98.49 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Hazards | |||
NFPA 704 |
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Explosive limits | 1.8–8.4% | ||
U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL) |
none[1] | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
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Infobox references | |||
Butane is an organic compound with the chemical formula C
4H
10. It is an alkane with four carbon atoms. It is used as a fuel (sometimes with propane) and in aerosol cans.
Similarly, the retained names 'ethane', 'propane', and 'butane' were never replaced by systematic names 'dicarbane', 'tricarbane', and 'tetracarbane' as recommended for analogues of silane, 'disilane'; phosphane, 'triphosphane'; and sulfane, 'tetrasulfane'.