Ethiopia

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Name in national languages Ge'ez: ኢትዮጵያ Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ yeʾĪtiyoṗṗiya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk Oromo: Rippabliikii Federaalawaa Dimokraatawaa Itiyoophiyaa Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Federaalka Itoobiya Afar: ityoppiah federalih demokrasih ummuno Tigrinya: ናይኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ nayi'ītiyop'iya fēdēralawī dēmokirasīyawī rīpebilīki
Flag Emblem
Anthem:  ወደፊት ገስግሺ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ (English: "March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia")
Capital and largest city	Addis Ababa 9°1′N 38°45′E / 9.017°N 38.750°E / 9.017; 38.750
Official languages	Afar Amharic Oromo Somali Tigrinya English[1]
Regional languages[2]	Harari Sidama Languages of Ethiopia
Ethnic groups (2016[3])	Oromo 34.9% Amhara 27.9% Tigrayans 7.3% Sidama 4.1% Welayta 3% Gurage 2.8% Somali 2.7% Hadiya 2.2% Afar 0.6% Others 12.6%
Religion	62.8% Christianity —43.5% Ethiopian Orthodoxy —18.6% Pentay (Protestantism) —0.7% Catholicism 33.9% Islam 2.6% Traditional faiths 0.7% Others / None[4]
Demonym(s)	Ethiopian
Government	Ethnofederalist[5] parliamentary constitutional republic
• President	Taye Atske Selassie
• Prime Minister	Abiy Ahmed
• Deputy Prime Minister	Temesgen Tiruneh
• Speaker of the House of Peoples' Representatives	Tagesse Chafo
• Supreme Court Chief	Tewodros Mihret
Legislature	Federal Parliamentary Assembly
• Upper house	House of Federation
• Lower house	House of Peoples' Representatives
Formation of Ethiopia Predecessor States Dʿmt Sultanate of Aussa Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea Kingdom of Aksum Zagwe dynasty Medri Bahri Land of Punt Ethiopian Empire Kingdom of Shewa Sultanate of Showa Kingdom of Tankish Sharkha Kingdom of Qita'a Kingdom of Nagash Kingdom of Jarin Sultanate of Dawaro Kingdom of Bazin Template:Medieval Horn of Africa Sultanate of Dahlak Kingdom of Belgin Sultanate of Bale Sultanate of Arababni Sultanate of Ifat Sultanate of Harar Ajuran Sultanate Adal Sultanate Kingdom of Garo Kingdom of Kaffa Kingdom of Janjero Adulis
• Dʿmt	c. 980 BCE
• Kingdom of Aksum	c. 100 CE
• Zagwe Dynasty	900
• Ethiopian Empire	1137
• Occupied & Annexed into Italian East Africa	1936
• Sovereignty restored	1941
• Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia	1974
• People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia	1987
• Secession of Eritrea	1993
• Current constitution	August 21, 1995
Area
• Total	1,104,300[6] km2 (426,400 sq mi) (28th)
• Water (%)	0.7
Population
• 2021 estimate	120,283,026[7][8] (13th)
• 2007 census	73,750,932[9]
• Density	92.7/km2 (240.1/sq mi) (123rd)
GDP (PPP)	2020 estimate
• Total	$272 billion[10] (58th)
• Per capita	$2,772[10]
GDP (nominal)	2020 estimate
• Total	$96 billion[10] (61st)
• Per capita	$974[10]
Gini (2011)	33.6[11] medium
HDI (2019)	0.485[12] low · 173rd
Currency	Birr (ETB)
Time zone	UTC+3 (EAT)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+251
ISO 3166 code	ET
Internet TLD	.et

Part of a series on the
Habesha Community ሐበሻ | Habesha
/ | /
National origin groups Eritrea (Eritreans) Ethiopia (Ethiopians)
Ethnic groups Afar Agaw Awi Daasanach Gabra Hadiya Kambaata Konso Oromo Yejju Qemant Saho Irob Sidama Somali Tsamai Werji Afar Beja Bilen Saho Amhara Argobba Chebo Gurage Beta Israel Harari Silt’e Tigrayan Zay Tigrinyas Tigre (Beni-Amer Beit Asgede Ad Shaikh Mensa Beit Juk Marya) Arbore Awi Banna Basketo Chara Danta Dawro Dizi Dorze Gamo Gedeo Hamar Koore Maale Shinasha Welayta Yemsa Anuak Bare Berta Gumuz Kichepo Kwama Kwegu Majang Mekan Murle Mursi Nuer Nyangatom Shabo Shanqella Shita Surma Tirma Weyto Kunama Nara Eritrean Americans Ethiopian Americans Eritrean Australians Ethiopian Australians Eritrean Canadians Ethiopian Canadians Eritreans in Denmark Ethiopians in Denmark Eritreans in Germany Ethiopians in Germany Ethiopian Jews in Israel Eritreans in Norway Ethiopians in Norway Eritreans in Sweden Ethiopians in Sweden Eritreans in the United Kingdom Ethiopians in the United Kingdom
Homeland Regions  Eritrea ** Maekel Region (1) Anseba Region (2) Gash-Barka Region (3) Debub Region (4) Northern Red Sea Region (5) Southern Red Sea Region (6)  Ethiopia ** Addis Ababa Afar Region Amhara Region Benishangul-Gumuz Region Dire Dawa Gambela Region Harari Region Oromia Region Ogaden-Somali Region Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region Tigray Region Historical Provinces of the Ethiopian Empire **Arsi Province Begemder Gamu-Gofa Gojjam Hararghe Illubabor Province Kaffa Province Shewa Sidama Province Tigray Province Welega Province Wollo Province Bete Amhara Assab Dire Dawa Eritrea Province Ogaden Tigray Province Asosa Zone Bale Province Borena Zone East Gojjam Zone East Hararghe Zone East Shewa Zone Gambela Region Illubabor Zone Kaffa Province Metekel Zone North Gondar Zone North Omo Zone North Shewa Zone - North Shewa Zone (Amhara)-North Shewa Zone (Oromia) North Wollo Zone South Gondar Zone South Omo Zone South Shewa Agame Agawmeder Amhara Province Dawaro Dembiya Enderta Province Fatagar Province Hadiya Zone Ifat Lasta Menz Province Qwara Province Semien Province Tembien Province Tselemt Tsegede Wag Province Wegera Hamasien Akele Guzai Barka Denkalia Gash-Setit Sahl Province Semhar Serae Kassala / Kassala (state) Historical Kingdoms **Dʿmt Sultanate of Aussa Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea Kingdom of Aksum Zagwe dynasty Medri Bahri Land of Punt Ethiopian Empire Kingdom of Shewa Sultanate of Showa Kingdom of Tankish Sharkha Kingdom of Qita'a Kingdom of Nagash Kingdom of Jarin Sultanate of Dawaro Kingdom of Bazin Template:Medieval Horn of Africa Sultanate of Dahlak Kingdom of Belgin Sultanate of Bale Sultanate of Arababni Sultanate of Ifat Sultanate of Harar Ajuran Sultanate Adal Sultanate Kingdom of Garo Kingdom of Kaffa Kingdom of Janjero Adulis
Diaspora Communities  United States[13][14] Eritrean Americans: Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles Ethiopian Americans: Ethiopians in Washington, D.C., History of Ethiopian Americans in Baltimore, Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles  Australia[15][16][17] Eritrean Australians Ethiopian Australians  Canada[18][19][20][21] Eritrean Canadians Ethiopian Canadians  Denmark[22] Eritreans in Denmark Ethiopians in Denmark  Germany[23][24][25] Eritreans in Germany Ethiopians in Germany  Israel Ethiopian Jews in Israel  Norway[26] Eritreans in Norway Ethiopians in Norway  Sweden[27] Eritreans in Sweden Ethiopians in Sweden  United Kingdom[28][29][30] Eritreans in the United Kingdom Ethiopians in the United Kingdom
Religions Religions * Christianity Oriental Orthodoxy-Orthodox Tewahedo Ethiopian Orthodoxy Eritrean Orthodoxy Protestantism-Evangelicalism P'ent'ay: Ethiopian-Eritrean Evangelicalism Catholicism Eritrean Catholicism Ethiopian Catholicism [31] Islam Sunni Judaism Beta Israel (Ethiopian Jewish ethno-religious group) Traditional Faiths Christianity in Ethiopia and Eritrea and in the Habesha Community Branches of Christianity *Oriental Orthodoxy Orthodox Tewahedo Protestantism P'ent'ay Catholicism Eastern Catholic Origins, Tradition, Culture Christianity in Ethiopia Christianity in Eritrea Alexandrian Rite Apostolic Succession and Missionary Origins: Frumentius (328 AD Axum)[32] Philip the Evangelist (8:26-39%20{{{2}}};&version=KJV; Acts 8:26-39 {{{2}}} "via Ethiopian eunuch of Kush") Mark the Evangelist (42 AD via Alexandria)[33] Christian Missionaries & Mission Organizations (19th-20th centuries) Regions with Significant Populations: Ethiopia and Eritrea United States Canada Norway Sweden Finland Denmark Germany United Kingdom Israel-Palestine Kenya Australia Italy Netherlands South Africa Ethiopian-Eritrean Diaspora Languages: Geʽez (liturgical language) Languages of Ethiopia Languages of Eritrea Oromo Amharic Wolayta Sidama Tigrinya Somali (other languages) Diaspora Languages English German Swedish Norwegian Danish French Dutch Hebrew Finnish , etc. Orthodox Tewahedo * Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church Orthodox Tehadeso Reforms P'ent'ay Primary Denominations: Ethiopian Kale Heywet Church Holiness Baptists-(some Pentecostalism) Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus Lutheranism-(some Presbyterianism) Evangelical Lutheran Church of Eritrea / Lutheran Church of Eritrea Lutheranism Ethiopian Full Gospel Believers' Church Pentecostalism-(some Mennonites) Meserete Kristos Church Mennonite-(some Pentecostalism) Other Denominations: Christian Brethren Ammanuel Baptist Church Misgana Church of Ethiopia Assemblies of God Pentecostal Hiwot Berhan Church (Light of Life Church) Emnet Kristos Berhane Wongel — Gospel Light Ethiopian Addis Kidan Baptist Church Seventh-day Adventist Church Anglicanism Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East Episcopal Anglican Province of Alexandria Orientation: Protestantism Evangelicalism Eastern Protestant Christianity Pentecostalism Lutheranism Baptist Holiness Baptists Mennonite-Anabaptist Holiness movement Anglican Methodist Presbyterian Adventist Catholicism * Eritrean Catholic Church Ethiopian Catholic Church Miscellaneous * Pentecostalism in Ethiopia Protestantism in Eritrea Religion in Ethiopia Religion in Eritrea
Languages Major Languages Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromo, Somali, Afar, Geʽez Native Languages *Languages of Ethiopia Languages of Eritrea Tigrinya Afar Beja Bilen Kunama (Bitama) Nara Saho Tigre (Dahalik) Amharic Argobba Geʽez Gurage Harari Inor Mesqan Muher Sebat Bet Gurage Siltʼe Soddo Tigrinya Zay Afar Alaba Ale Arbore Awngi Baiso Bussa Burji Daasanach Dirasha Gedeo Hadiyya Kambaata Konso Libido Oromo Qimant Saho Sidamo Somali Tsamai Xamtanga Aari Anfillo Bambassi Basketo Bench Boro Chara Dime Dizi Dorze Gamo-Gofa-Dawro Ganza Gayil Hamer-Banna Hozo Kachama-Ganjule Kafa Karo Koorete Maale Melo Nayi Oyda Seze Shekkacho Sheko Wolaytta Yemsa Zayse-Zergulla Anuak Berta Daatsʼiin Gumuz Kacipo-Balesi Komo Kwama Kwegu Majang Meʼen Murle Mursi Nuer Nyangatom Opuuo Shabo Suri Uduk Foreign & Diaspora Languages *English Italian Arabic German Swedish Norwegian Danish French Dutch Hebrew Finnish Armenian Chinese Greek
Related national groups
History
Lists
v t e

Ethiopia has one of the longest known histories as a country in Africa. Ethiopia was one of the few countries in Africa that escaped the Scramble for Africa. It avoided being colonized until 1935, when it was invaded by the Italians under Benito Mussolini, who took over the country for a brief time. Ethiopia used to be called Abyssinia. The word "Ethiopia" is the combination of two words,"'''Eth'''" and "'''Yop'''". The word "'''Eth'''" was taken from the first king of Ethiopia named " '''Etheal'''" ('''meaning: Gift of God''') and "'''Yop'''" ('''meaning: Yellow Gold''') was the place where Etheal was appointed. And " '''ia'''" shows that Ethiopia is a country name. Generally, '''Ethiopia''' means " '''Gift of yellow gold for God'''". is the most populous landlocked country in the world. It lost its Red Sea ports when Eritrea gained independence in 1993.

1. ↑ Shaban, Abdurahman. "One to five: Ethiopia gets four new federal working languages". Africa News. Archived from the original on 2020-12-15. Retrieved 2021-01-17.
2. ↑ "Ethiopian Constitution".
3. ↑ "Ethiopia". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
4. ↑ "Africa :: Ethiopia – the World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". Archived from the original on 2018-12-24. Retrieved 2021-01-17.
5. ↑ "Zenawism as ethnic-federalism" (PDF).
6. ↑ "Ethiopia - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. July 27, 2021. Retrieved August 2, 2021.
7. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
8. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX). population.un.org ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
9. ↑ "Country Level". 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. CSA. July 13, 2010. Archived from the original on February 8, 2019. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
10. ↑ ^{10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
11. ↑ Selima, Jāhāna (2015). Work for human development (PDF). Human Development Report. United Nations Development Programme. p. 232. ISBN 978-92-1-126398-5. OCLC 936070939.
12. ↑ Nations, United (December 15, 2020). Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
13. ↑ ^{13.0 13.1 13.2} Terrazas, Aaron Matteo (June 2007). "Beyond Regional Circularity: The Emergence of an Ethiopian Diaspora". Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
14. ↑ ^{14.0 14.1 14.2} United States Census Bureau 2009–2013, Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over: 2009–2013, USCB, 30 November 2016, <https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2013/demo/2009-2013-lang-tables.html>.
15. ↑ "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS" (PDF). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-08-26.
16. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, <https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/people-australia-2013-statistics.pdf Archived 2017-04-17 at the Wayback Machine>.
17. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, Archived 17 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
18. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (2013-02-05). "2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations — Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
19. ↑ Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98–314-XCB2011032
20. ↑ Anon, 2016. 2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations | Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census. [online] Www12.statcan.gc.ca. Available at: <http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-tt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103001&PRID=10&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=> [Accessed 2 Dec. 2016].
21. ↑ Immigrant languages in Canada. 2016. Immigrant languages in Canada. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.cfm. [Accessed 13 December 2016].
22. ↑ ^{22.0 22.1 22.2} "Population by country of origin". Statistics Denmark.
23. ↑ ^{23.0 23.1 23.2} "Anzahl der Ausländer in Deutschland nach Herkunftsland". Das Statistik Portal.
24. ↑ Roughly half of the Eritrean diaspora
25. ↑ Amharas are estimated to be the largest ethnic group of estimated 20.000 Ethiopian Germans|https://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/downloads/gtz2009-en-ethiopian-diaspora.pdf Archived 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
26. ↑ ^{26.0 26.1 26.2} "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents". Statistics Norway.
27. ↑ ^{27.0 27.1 27.2} "Foreign-born persons by country of birth, age, sex and year". Statistics Sweden.
28. ↑ ^{28.0 28.1 28.2} "Ethiopian London". BBC. Retrieved 2008-12-06.
29. ↑ pp, 25 (2015) United Kingdom. Available at: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB (Accessed: 30 November 2016).
30. ↑ "United Kingdom". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
31. ↑ Trimingham, J. (2013). Islam in Ethiopia. Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 978-1136970221. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
32. ↑ ^{32.0 32.1} Adejumobi, Saheed A. (2007). The History of Ethiopia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-313-32273-0.
33. ↑ ^{33.0 33.1} Eusebius of Caesarea, the author of Ecclesiastical History in the 4th century, states that Saint Mark came to Egypt in the first or third year of the reign of Emperor Claudius, i.e. AD 41 or 43 Otto Friedrich August Meinardus (2002). Two Thousand Years of Coptic Christianity. American Univ in Cairo Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-977-424-757-6.
34. ↑ "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS" (PDF). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-08-26.
35. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, <https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/people-australia-2013-statistics.pdf Archived 2017-04-17 at the Wayback Machine>.
36. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, Archived 17 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
37. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (2013-02-05). "2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations — Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
38. ↑ Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98–314-XCB2011032
39. ↑ Anon, 2016. 2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations | Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census. [online] Www12.statcan.gc.ca. Available at: <http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-tt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103001&PRID=10&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=> [Accessed 2 Dec. 2016].
40. ↑ Immigrant languages in Canada. 2016. Immigrant languages in Canada. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.cfm. [Accessed 13 December 2016].
41. ↑ Roughly half of the Eritrean diaspora
42. ↑ Amharas are estimated to be the largest ethnic group of estimated 20.000 Ethiopian Germans|https://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/downloads/gtz2009-en-ethiopian-diaspora.pdf Archived 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
43. ↑ pp, 25 (2015) United Kingdom. Available at: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB (Accessed: 30 November 2016).
44. ↑ "United Kingdom". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
45. ↑ Trimingham, J. (2013). Islam in Ethiopia. Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 978-1136970221. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
46. ↑ "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS" (PDF). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-08-26.
47. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, <https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/people-australia-2013-statistics.pdf Archived 2017-04-17 at the Wayback Machine>.
48. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, Archived 17 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
49. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (2013-02-05). "2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations — Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
50. ↑ Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98–314-XCB2011032
51. ↑ Anon, 2016. 2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations | Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census. [online] Www12.statcan.gc.ca. Available at: <http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-tt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103001&PRID=10&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=> [Accessed 2 Dec. 2016].
52. ↑ Immigrant languages in Canada. 2016. Immigrant languages in Canada. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.cfm. [Accessed 13 December 2016].
53. ↑ Roughly half of the Eritrean diaspora
54. ↑ Amharas are estimated to be the largest ethnic group of estimated 20.000 Ethiopian Germans|https://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/downloads/gtz2009-en-ethiopian-diaspora.pdf Archived 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
55. ↑ pp, 25 (2015) United Kingdom. Available at: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB (Accessed: 30 November 2016).
56. ↑ "United Kingdom". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
57. ↑ Trimingham, J. (2013). Islam in Ethiopia. Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 978-1136970221. Retrieved 19 September 2016.