Greenland | |
---|---|
Anthem: "Nunarput utoqqarsuanngoravit" (Greenlandic) (English: "You Our Ancient Land") | |
Kalaallit anthem: "Nuna asiilasooq" (Greenlandic) (English: "The Land of Great Length")[a] | |
![]() Location of Greenland | |
![]() Location of Greenland (red) in the Kingdom of Denmark (red and beige) | |
Sovereign state | Kingdom of Denmark |
Union with Norway | 1262 |
Danish-Norwegian recolonization | 1721 |
Cession to Denmark | 14 January 1814 |
Home rule | 1 May 1979 |
Further autonomy and self rule | 21 June 2009[2][3] |
Capital and largest city | Nuuk 64°10′N 51°44′W / 64.167°N 51.733°W |
Official languages | Greenlandic[b] |
Recognised languages | Danish, English and other languages if necessary[b] |
Ethnic groups (2018) | |
Religion | Christianity (Church of Greenland) |
Demonym(s) |
|
Government | Devolved government within a parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Frederik X |
Julie Præst Wilche | |
• Premier | Múte Bourup Egede |
Mimi Karlsen | |
Legislature | Inatsisartut |
National representation | |
2 members | |
Area | |
• Total | 2,166,086 km2 (836,330 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 83.1[c] |
Highest elevation | 3,700 m (12,100 ft) |
Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 56,081[6] (210th) |
• Density | 0.028/km2 (0.1/sq mi) |
GDP (PPP) | 2011 estimate |
• Total | $1.8 billion[7] (not ranked) |
• Per capita | $37,000 (40-th) |
HDI (2010) | ![]() high · 61st |
Currency | Danish krone (DKK) |
Time zone | UTC±00:00 to UTC-04:00 |
Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +299 |
Postal codes | 39xx |
ISO 3166 code | GL |
Internet TLD | .gl |
Greenland is the world's largest island.[9][10][11][12][13] Greenland is a self-governing territory of the kingdom of Denmark. This large Arctic island is near two countries, Iceland to the east and Canada to the west. The island is geographically part of North America but the culture is more closely related to Denmark.[14] It has a population of only 50,000 people, limited by its cold climate. Most of the civilian population lives in the southern part of the island, on the coasts. [source?] The capital of Greenland is Nuuk.
The island is democratic, with its own elections and a representative seat of government in Nuuk. It is part of the Kingdom of Denmark, a constitutional monarchy with Queen Margrethe II as head of state. Greenland has two members in Denmark's Folketing.
The island's Thule Air Base is under Danish control, but is administered by the United States Air Force.[15]
The island is the least densely populated country in the world, with a density of 0.026 people per square kilometer.[16][17][18] Antarctica is not counted because it is not an independent country and has no permanent inhabitants. The ice sheet that covers Greenland may hide three separate islands, which have been joined by glaciers since the last geologic ice age.[19][20][21][22]
In Greenland, there are no forests. In the south, at the coastal area, only some dwarf trees are found.[23]
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