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Ion Victor Antonescu | |
|---|---|
 Ion Antonescu | |
| Prime Minister of Romania | |
| In office September 4, 1940 – August 23, 1944 | |
| Preceded by | Ion Gigurtu |
| Succeeded by | Constantin Sănătescu |
| Conducător of Romania | |
| In office September 6, 1940 – August 23, 1944 | |
| Preceded by | Carol II (as King of Romania) |
| Succeeded by | None |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Ion Victor Antonescu June 15, 1882 Piteşti, Romania |
| Died | June 1, 1946 (aged 63) Jilava, Romania |
| Nationality | Romanian |
| Political party | None, formally allied with the Iron Guard |
| Spouse(s) | Raşela Mendel (div.) Maria Antonescu |
| Profession | Soldier |
| Military service | |
| Rank | Field Marshal |
Ion Victor Antonescu (15 June 1882 – 1 June 1946) was a Nazi-allied Prime Minister of Romania, who called himself Conducător and ruled from 4 September 1940[1] until 23 August 1944,[2] when he was toppled in a coup. He was executed for war crimes in 1946.[3]
- ↑
- Haynes, Rebecca (1993). "German Historians and the Romanian National Legionary State 1940-41". The Slavonic and East European Review. 71 (4). Modern Humanities Research Association: 676–683. JSTOR stable/4211380. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- "Antonescu and the National Legionary State". Hitler's Forgotten Ally: Ion Antonescu and his Regime, Romania 1940-1944. Palgrave USA. 2006. pp. 52–68. ISBN 9781403993410. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- Platon, Mircea (2012). "The Iron Guard and the 'Modern State'. Iron Guard Leaders Vasile Marin and Ion I. Moţa, and the 'New European Order'". Fascism. 1 (2). Brill: 65–90. doi:10.1163/22116257-00201002. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- "Staging Death: Christofascist Necropolitics during the National Legionary State in Romania, 1940–1941". Nationalities Papers. 49 (3). Cambridge University Press: 576–589. 2021. doi:10.1017/nps.2020.22. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- ↑
- "Antonescu and the National Legionary State". Hitler's Forgotten Ally: Ion Antonescu and his Regime, Romania 1940-1944. Palgrave USA. 2006. pp. 52–68. ISBN 9781403993410. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- Gillen, Andrew Bennett (2020). "The Legion of the Archangel Michael: The Past and Present Appeal of Decentralized Fascism". Providence College. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- Praisler, Alexandru; Gheorghiu, Oana Celia (July 11, 2022). "Hate speech revisited in Romanian political discourse: from the Legion of the Archangel Michael (1927–1941) to AUR (2020–present day)". Humanities & Social Sciences Communications. 9. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- ↑
- International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania. Final Report. President of the commission: Elie Wiesel. Edited by Tuvia Friling, Radu Ioanid, and Mihail E. Ionescu. Iași: Polirom, 2004.
- Ioanid, Radu. The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of Jews and Roma under the Antonescu Regime, 1940–1944. Second edition. Published in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2022.
- Kruglov, Aleksander, and Kiril Feferman. “Bloody Snow: The Mass Slaughter of Odessa Jews in Berezovka Uezd in the First Half of 1941.” Yad Vashem Studies 47, no. 2 (2019): 15.
- Solonari, Vladimir. A Satellite Empire: Romanian Rule in Southwestern Ukraine, 1941–1944. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019.
- Zipperstein, Steven J. The Jews of Odessa: A Cultural History, 1794–1881. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1985.