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A model organism is a non-human species that is studied over many years, building up a lot of knowledge about it in order to understand fundamental biological phenomena. The hope is that discoveries made in the model will give insight into how other organisms work.[1]
In particular, model organisms are widely used in animal testing to explore potential causes and treatments for human disease when experimenting on humans would be impossible or less ethical.
This strategy is made possible by the similarities of all living organisms. They are similar because of their common descent and the conservation of metabolic and developmental pathways and genes over the course of evolution.[2]
- ↑ Fields S, Johnston M (Mar 2005). "Cell biology. Whither model organism research?". Science. 307 (5717): 1885–6. doi:10.1126/science.1108872. PMID 15790833. S2CID 82519062.
- ↑ Fox, Michael Allen (1986). The case for animal experimention: an evolutionary and ethical perspective. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-05501-2.