Modernism

Franz Marc, The fate of the animals, 1913, oil on canvas. Shown in the exhibition of Degenerate art (Entartete Kunst) in Munich, Nazi Germany, 1937
Eric Gill's modernist North Wind, 1928, for the London Underground's headquarters, at 55 Broadway
The Rocket by Edward Middleton Manigault. It shows fireworks on Hudson River in 1909.

Modernism is an art movement together with a philosophical movement and a religious movement. It came from big changes in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.


Modernism was a cultural movement of the late 19th century to the mid-20th century. It was a philosophy and it was also an art movement. It changed art, literature, music, architecture and drama.[1]

Modernism rejected tradition. It was interested in new ways of doing old things. Also, there was a belief that science and technology could change the world for the better.[2]The term covers some movements which are somewhat contradictory.[3]

Some scholars think that modernism is (going on, or) continuing into the 21st century. Others see it (changing or) evolving into late modernism or high modernism.[4]

  1. Childs, Peter 2000. Modernism. Routledge, London.
  2. Hughes, Robert 1991. The shock of the new: art and the century of change. London: Thames & Hudson, p11. ISBN 978-0-500-27582-5
  3. Lewis, Pericles 2000, Modernism, nationalism, and the novel. Cambridge University Press.
  4. Morris Dickstein, "An Outsider to His Own Life", Books, The New York Times, August 3, 1997; Anthony Mellors, Late modernist poetics: From Pound to Prynne.

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