Panjabi | |
---|---|
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی | |
![]() 'Punjabi' written in Shahmukhi (top) and Gurmukhi (bottom) scripts | |
Pronunciation | /pʌnˈdʒɑːbi/ |
Native to | Panjab |
Ethnicity | Panjabis |
Native speakers | 113 million (2017)[1] |
Indo-European
| |
Standard forms | |
Dialects |
|
Gurmukhi Perso-Arabic (Shahmukhi) Punjabi Braille Laṇḍā (historical) | |
Official status | |
Official language in | ![]() ![]() |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-1 | pa |
ISO 639-2 | pan |
ISO 639-3 | Either:pan – Chardi Punjabipnb – Lehndi Punjabi |
Glottolog | panj1256 Punjabi |
Linguasphere | 59-AAF-e |
Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language. It is native to Punjab region of Indian Subcontinent, which includes Pakistani province of Punjab and Indian state of Punjab. It is the first language of about 113 million people in the world[2] and is the 9th most spoken language in the world. It is also spoken in Haryana, Himachal Pradesh states of India and in capital Delhi. It is spoken by the largest ethnic group in Pakistan at 36%.[3]
Punjabi developed from the ancient language of Prakrit developed simultaneously with Sanskrit.
Punjabi is written in two different scripts, called Gurmukhī and Shahmukhī. Punjabi is the main language spoken by the Sikhs.[4] Most parts of the Guru Granth Sahib use the Punjabi language written in Gurmukhī, though Punjabi is not the only language used in Sikh scriptures. The Janamsakhis, stories on the life and legend of Guru Nanak (1469–1539), are early examples of Punjabi literature.
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